Mobley Curtis D
Appl Opt. 2015 May 20;54(15):4828-49. doi: 10.1364/AO.54.004828.
Generation of random sea surfaces using wave variance spectra and Fourier transforms is formulated in a way that guarantees conservation of wave energy and fully resolves wave height and slope variances. Monte Carlo polarized ray tracing, which accounts for multiple scattering between light rays and wave facets, is used to compute effective Mueller matrices for reflection and transmission of air- or water-incident polarized radiance. Irradiance reflectances computed using a Rayleigh sky radiance distribution, sea surfaces generated with Cox-Munk statistics, and unpolarized ray tracing differ by 10%-18% compared with values computed using elevation- and slope-resolving surfaces and polarized ray tracing. Radiance reflectance factors, as used to estimate water-leaving radiance from measured upwelling and sky radiances, are shown to depend on sky polarization, and improved values are given.
利用波方差谱和傅里叶变换生成随机海面的方式能够保证波能量守恒，并能完全解析波高和斜率方差。蒙特卡罗偏振光线追踪考虑了光线与波面之间的多次散射，用于计算空气或水入射偏振辐射反射和透射的有效穆勒矩阵。使用瑞利天空辐射分布、用考克斯-芒克统计生成的海面以及非偏振光线追踪计算的辐照度反射率，与使用高程和斜率分辨表面及偏振光线追踪计算的值相比，相差10%-18%。用于从测量的向上涌升辐射和天空辐射估计离水辐射率的辐射率反射因子被证明取决于天空偏振，并给出了改进值。
