Ilan Yaron
Gastroenterology and Liver Units, Department of Medicine, Hebrew University-Hadassah Medical Center, POB 12000, 91120, Jerusalem, Israel.
Hepatol Int. 2014 Sep;8 Suppl 2:499-504. doi: 10.1007/s12072-013-9501-9. Epub 2013 Dec 20.
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is the third most common cause of cancer-related death worldwide. Currently, there are no treatment options available for a large number of these patients. One of the mechanisms that may contribute to tumor growth is the lack of an effective immune response toward viral antigens or other tumor-associated antigens (TAAs). Immunotherapy has been tested as a potential therapeutic option for these patients. Several methods of immune modulation for augmenting antitumor immunity are being explored and have been shown to be effective in suppressing HCC growth in animal models. Activation of HCC-specific response can be accomplished by targeting hepatitis B or C viral antigens, alpha-fetoprotein, or other TAAs. This review summarizes part of the recent data on the use of adoptive transfer of immunity against viral antigens, oral immune modulation against TAAs, and the use of pulsed innate immune cells and gut adjuvants for the suppression of HCC; it reviews some additional new immunotherapeutic approaches.
肝细胞癌（HCC）是全球癌症相关死亡的第三大常见原因。目前，这些患者中的大多数没有可用的治疗选择。可能导致肿瘤生长的机制之一是对病毒抗原或其他肿瘤相关抗原（TAA）缺乏有效的免疫反应。免疫疗法已作为这些患者的潜在治疗选择进行了测试。正在探索几种增强抗肿瘤免疫力的免疫调节方法，并且已证明这些方法在动物模型中可有效抑制HCC生长。激活HCC特异性反应可通过靶向乙型或丙型肝炎病毒抗原、甲胎蛋白或其他TAA来实现。本综述总结了近期有关采用针对病毒抗原的免疫转移、针对TAA的口服免疫调节以及使用脉冲先天免疫细胞和肠道佐剂来抑制HCC的部分数据；还综述了一些其他新的免疫治疗方法。
