Wu Yu-Jen, Neoh Choo-Aun, Tsao Chia-Yu, Su Jui-Hsin, Li Hsing-Hui
Department of Beauty Science, Meiho University, Pingtung 91202, Taiwan.
Department of Research, Pingtung Christian Hospital, Pingtung 90059, Taiwan.
Int J Mol Sci. 2015 Jul 20;16(7):16469-82. doi: 10.3390/ijms160716469.
Sinulariolide is an active compound isolated from the cultured soft coral Sinularia flexibilis. In this study, we investigate the migration and invasion effects of sinulariolide in hepatocellular carcinoma cell HA22T. Sinulariolide inhibited the migration and invasion effects of hepatocellular carcinoma cells in a concentration-dependent manner. The results of zymography assay showed that sinulariolide suppressed the activities of matrix metalloproteinase (MMP)-2 and MMP-9. Moreover, protein levels of MMP-2, MMP-9, and urokinase-type plasminogen activator (uPA) were reduced by sinulariolide in a concentration-dependent manner. Sinulariolide also exerted an inhibitory effect on phosphorylation of c-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK), extracellular signal-regulated kinases (ERK), phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K), Akt, Focal adhesion kinase (FAK), growth factor receptor-bound protein 2 (GRB2). Taken together, these results demonstrated that sinulariolide could inhibit hepatocellular carcinoma cell migration and invasion and alter HA22T cell metastasis by reduction of MMP-2, MMP-9, and uPA expression through the suppression of MAPKs, PI3K/Akt, and the FAK/GRB2 signaling pathway. These findings suggest that sinulariolide merits further evaluation as a chemotherapeutic agent for human hepatocellular carcinoma.
西诺内酯是从养殖的软珊瑚柔细扁柳珊瑚中分离出的一种活性化合物。在本研究中,我们研究了西诺内酯对肝癌细胞HA22T迁移和侵袭的影响。西诺内酯以浓度依赖的方式抑制肝癌细胞的迁移和侵袭作用。酶谱分析结果表明,西诺内酯抑制基质金属蛋白酶(MMP)-2和MMP-9的活性。此外,西诺内酯以浓度依赖的方式降低了MMP-2、MMP-9和尿激酶型纤溶酶原激活剂(uPA)的蛋白水平。西诺内酯还对c-Jun氨基末端激酶(JNK)、细胞外信号调节激酶(ERK)、磷脂酰肌醇3激酶(PI3K)、Akt、粘着斑激酶(FAK)、生长因子受体结合蛋白2(GRB2)的磷酸化发挥抑制作用。综上所述,这些结果表明,西诺内酯可通过抑制丝裂原活化蛋白激酶(MAPKs)、PI3K/Akt以及FAK/GRB2信号通路,降低MMP-2、MMP-9和uPA的表达,从而抑制肝癌细胞的迁移和侵袭,并改变HA22T细胞的转移。这些发现表明,西诺内酯作为一种治疗人类肝癌的化疗药物值得进一步评估。