August Pi i Sunyer Biomedical Research Institute (IDIBAPS), Barcelona, Spain, and Institute of Neuroscience, Hospital Clínic of Barcelona.
Institute of Neuroscience, Hospital Clínic of Barcelona, and Biomedical Research Network Centre in Mental Health (CIBERSAM), Madrid.
J Am Acad Child Adolesc Psychiatry. 2015 Aug;54(8):677-84.e2. doi: 10.1016/j.jaac.2015.05.003. Epub 2015 May 16.
There is increasing support toward the notion that schizophrenia and bipolar disorder share neurodevelopmental underpinnings, although areas of divergence remain. We set out to examine gray matter volume characteristics of child and adolescent offspring of patients with schizophrenia or bipolar disorder comparatively.
In this 2-center study, magnetic resonance structural neuroimaging data were acquired in 198 children and adolescents (aged 6-17 years): 38 offspring of patients with schizophrenia, 77 offspring of patients with bipolar disorder, and 83 offspring of community controls. Analyses of global brain volumes and voxel-based morphometry (using familywise error correction) were conducted.
There was an effect of group on total cerebral gray matter volume (F = 3.26, p = .041), driven by a decrease in offspring of patients with schizophrenia relative to offspring of controls (p = .035). At a voxel-based level, we observed an effect of group in the left inferior frontal cortex/anterior insula (F = 14.7, p < .001), which was driven by gray matter volume reduction in offspring of patients with schizophrenia relative to both offspring of controls (p = .044) and of patients with bipolar disorder (p < .001). No differences were observed between offspring of patients with bipolar disorder and offspring of controls in either global or voxel-based gray matter volumes.
This first comparative study between offspring of patients with schizophrenia and bipolar disorder suggests that gray matter volume reduction in childhood and adolescence may be specific to offspring of patients with schizophrenia; this may index a greater neurodevelopmental impact of risk for schizophrenia relative to bipolar disorder during youth.
越来越多的人支持精神分裂症和双相情感障碍具有神经发育基础的观点，尽管仍存在分歧。我们旨在比较精神分裂症或双相情感障碍患者的儿童和青少年后代的灰质体积特征。
在这项 2 中心研究中，对 198 名儿童和青少年（年龄 6-17 岁）的磁共振结构神经影像学数据进行了采集：38 名精神分裂症患者的后代、77 名双相情感障碍患者的后代和 83 名社区对照者的后代。进行了全脑体积和基于体素的形态测量分析（使用家族错误校正）。
组间存在总脑灰质体积的影响（F=3.26，p=0.041），这是由精神分裂症患者后代相对于对照组后代的减少引起的（p=0.035）。在基于体素的水平上，我们观察到组间在左侧额下回/前岛叶的影响（F=14.7，p<0.001），这是由精神分裂症患者后代相对于对照组后代（p=0.044）和双相情感障碍患者后代（p<0.001）的灰质体积减少引起的。在全脑或基于体素的灰质体积方面，双相情感障碍患者后代与对照组后代之间没有差异。
这是首次对精神分裂症和双相情感障碍患者后代进行的比较研究表明，儿童和青少年时期的灰质体积减少可能是精神分裂症患者后代特有的；这可能表明，与双相情感障碍相比，精神分裂症的风险对年轻人的神经发育影响更大。
