Key Laboratory of Biorheological Science and Technology, Ministry of Education, College of Bioengineering, Chongqing University, Chongqing, 400044, People's Republic of China.
Institute of Bioengineering and School of Engineering & Materials Science, Queen Mary University of London, Mile End Road, London, E1 4NS, UK.
Stem Cell Rev Rep. 2015 Dec;11(6):804-12. doi: 10.1007/s12015-015-9610-z.
Stem cells are characterized by their self-renewal and multi-lineage differentiation potential. Stem cell differentiation is a prerequisite for the application of stem cells in regenerative medicine and clinical therapy. In addition to chemical stimulation, mechanical cues play a significant role in regulating stem cell differentiation. The integrity of mechanical sensors is necessary for the ability of cells to respond to mechanical signals. The nucleus, the largest and stiffest cellular organelle, interacts with the cytoskeleton as a key mediator of cell mechanics. Nuclear mechanics are involved in the complicated interactions of lamins, chromatin and nucleoskeleton-related proteins. Thus, stem cell differentiation is intimately associated with nuclear mechanics due to its indispensable role in mechanotransduction and mechanical response. This paper reviews several main contributions of nuclear mechanics, highlights the hallmarks of the nuclear mechanics of stem cells, and provides insight into the relationship between nuclear mechanics and stem cell differentiation, which may guide clinical applications in the future.
干细胞的自我更新和多向分化潜能是其特征。干细胞分化是干细胞在再生医学和临床治疗中应用的前提。除了化学刺激外，机械线索在调节干细胞分化方面也起着重要作用。机械传感器的完整性对于细胞响应机械信号的能力是必要的。细胞核是最大和最硬的细胞细胞器，它与细胞骨架相互作用，作为细胞力学的关键介质。核力学涉及到核纤层、染色质和核骨架相关蛋白的复杂相互作用。因此，由于其在机械转导和机械响应中的不可或缺的作用，核力学与干细胞分化密切相关。本文综述了核力学的几个主要贡献，强调了干细胞核力学的特征，并深入探讨了核力学与干细胞分化之间的关系，这可能为未来的临床应用提供指导。
