Barry Colleen L, Kennedy-Hendricks Alene, Gollust Sarah E, Niederdeppe Jeff, Bachhuber Marcus A, Webster Daniel W, McGinty Emma E
Department of Health Policy and Management, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD, USA.
Department of Mental Health, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD, USA.
Addiction. 2016 Jan;111(1):85-93. doi: 10.1111/add.13077. Epub 2015 Oct 7.
Opioid pain reliever abuse rates have increased sharply in the United States. This study examines Americans' personal experience with opioid pain reliever use and abuse, and views about the seriousness of the problem, factors causing it, responsibility for addressing it and support for policies to resolve it.
Public opinion survey.
A nationally representative US adult sample (n = 1111).
Experiences with opioid pain relievers and views about the seriousness, causes of and responsibility for addressing the problem, and support for policies to reduce opioid pain reliever abuse.
28.2 per cent of Americans reported using opioid pain relievers in the last 12 months, 69.5% have used them in their life-time and 17.3% reported using these medications when not prescribed to them. Fifty-eight per cent ranked the problem as serious, on a par with other major health concerns. Individual-orientated factors, including a lack of understanding about how easy it is to become addicted (80.0%) and improper storage (65.1%) and disposal (64.1%), ranked highest as causes, and those abusing opioid pain relievers (83.8%) and their physicians (78.0%) were viewed as most responsible for solving the problem. Of the policies recommended to curb the epidemic, 14 of 16 were supported by a majority of Americans.
Americans view the problem of opioid pain reliever abuse as serious, and support nearly all the policies recommended by medical, law enforcement, disease control and public health experts to curb the epidemic.
在美国，阿片类止痛药的滥用率急剧上升。本研究调查了美国人使用和滥用阿片类止痛药的个人经历，以及他们对该问题严重性、成因、解决责任和解决政策支持的看法。
民意调查。
一个具有全国代表性的美国成年人样本（n = 1111）。
阿片类止痛药的使用经历，以及对问题严重性、成因、解决责任的看法，和对减少阿片类止痛药滥用政策的支持。
28.2%的美国人报告在过去12个月内使用过阿片类止痛药，69.5%的人在其一生中使用过，17.3%的人报告在未被处方的情况下使用过这些药物。58%的人将该问题列为严重问题，与其他主要健康问题相当。以个人为导向的因素，包括对成瘾易发性缺乏了解（80.0%）、储存不当（65.1%）和处理不当（64.1%），被列为最高成因，而滥用阿片类止痛药的人（83.8%）及其医生（78.0%）被视为解决该问题最应负责的群体。在建议遏制这一流行病的政策中，16项中有14项得到了大多数美国人的支持。
美国人认为阿片类止痛药滥用问题严重，并支持医学、执法、疾病控制和公共卫生专家建议的几乎所有遏制该流行病的政策。
