a Professor, School of Social Work , University of Texas at Austin , Austin , TX , USA.
b Lecturer, School of Social Work , University of Texas at Austin , Austin , TX , USA.
J Psychoactive Drugs. 2017 Sep-Oct;49(4):267-278. doi: 10.1080/02791072.2017.1342153. Epub 2017 Jul 12.
Marijuana and pain reliever use for medical and nonmedical purposes has been increasing among older adults. Using the 2012-2013 U.S. National Survey on Alcohol and Related Conditions (NESARC-III), this study examined: (1) the association between past-year nonmedical marijuana and pain reliever use among adults aged 50+ years (N = 14,715); and (2) sociodemographic, health, and pain-related correlates of nonmedical marijuana and/or pain reliever use. The findings show that 3.87% and 3.12%, respectively, used marijuana and pain relievers nonmedically and 14.40% of marijuana users, compared to 2.67% of nonusers, used pain relievers nonmedically. Controlling for sociodemographics, health status, pain interference, and mental and other substance use disorders, marijuana use anduse disorder were significantly associated with nonmedical pain reliever use and opioid use disorder, respectively. Compared to marijuana users (with or without nonmedical use of pain relievers), nonmedical pain reliever users (without marijuana) are older, married, and women. Users of both substances nonmedically are a small group (0.56% of the 50+ age group), but they are at greatest risk of lifetime opioid, alcohol, and nicotine use disorders. Pain interference is a significant correlate of nonmedical pain reliever use. Healthcare providers should assess for the nonmedical use of these medicines/drugs and help older adults receive effective pain treatment.
大麻和止痛药的医疗和非医疗用途在老年人中不断增加。本研究使用了 2012-2013 年美国国家酒精和相关条件调查(NESARC-III),考察了:(1)50 岁以上成年人过去一年非医疗用途大麻和止痛药使用之间的关联(N=14715);以及(2)非医疗用途大麻和/或止痛药使用的社会人口统计学、健康和与疼痛相关的相关性。研究结果表明,分别有 3.87%和 3.12%的人非医疗用途使用大麻和止痛药,而 14.40%的大麻使用者,与未使用者相比,非医疗用途使用止痛药。在控制社会人口统计学、健康状况、疼痛干扰以及精神和其他物质使用障碍后,大麻使用和使用障碍分别与非医疗用途止痛药使用和阿片类药物使用障碍显著相关。与大麻使用者(无论是否非医疗用途使用止痛药)相比,非医疗用途止痛药使用者(没有使用大麻)年龄更大、已婚且为女性。这两种物质的非医疗用途使用者是一个较小的群体(50 岁以上年龄组的 0.56%),但他们最有可能终身患有阿片类药物、酒精和尼古丁使用障碍。疼痛干扰是非医疗用途止痛药使用的一个重要相关性。医疗保健提供者应评估这些药物/毒品的非医疗用途,并帮助老年人获得有效的疼痛治疗。