Targeted Microbubbles for Ultrasound Mediated Short Hairpin RNA Plasmid Transfection to Inhibit Survivin Gene Expression and Induce Apoptosis of Ovarian Cancer A2780/DDP Cells.

Nonviral gene transfer by ultrasound-targeted microbubble destruction (UTMD) is an promising technique for RNA interference (RNAi) therapy. Targeting silence survivin gene may provide an important therapeutic option for patients with ovarian cancer. However, UTMD mediated RNAi therapy typically uses nontargeted microbubbles with suboptimal gene transfection efficiency. In this work, a LHRHa targeted microbubble agent and recombinant expression plasmid of shRNA targeting survivin gene (pshRNA survivin) were constructed for UTMD mediated pshRNA survivin therapy in ovarian cancer A2780/DDP cells that express LHRH receptors. The targeted microbubbles (TMBs) mixed with the pshRNA survivin were added to cultured ovarian cancer cells followed by ultrasound exposure (1 MHz, 0.5 W/cm(2)) for 30 s. After transfection for 48 h, the expression of survivin mRNA and protein were (0.36 ± 0.036) and (0.05 ± 0.02), respectively. The cell proliferation inhibitory rates at 24, 48, and 72 h after treatment are (42.08 ± 3.20)%, (54.60 ± 1.02)%, and (74.25 ± 2.14)%, respectively, and the apoptosis rate was (28.99 ± 2.70)%. The expression of apoptosis related protein caspase-9 and caspase-3 were (0.95 ± 0.09) and (2.6 ± 0.21). In comparison with the other treatment groups, ultrasound mediation of targeted microbubbles yielded higher RNAi efficiency and higher cell apoptosis rate and cell proliferation inhibitory rate (p < 0.05). Our experiment verifies the hypothesis that ultrasound mediation of targeted microbubbles will enhance RNAi efficiency in ovarian cancer cells. This novel method for RNA interference represents a powerful, promising no viral technology that can be used in the tumor gene therapy and research.