Giske Tove, Cone Pamela H
Haraldsplass Deaconess University College, Bergen, Norway.
Azusa Pacific University, Azusa, CA, USA.
J Clin Nurs. 2015 Oct;24(19-20):2926-35. doi: 10.1111/jocn.12907. Epub 2015 Jul 27.
To examine nurses' experiences in spiritual care in diverse clinical settings, preferably not palliative care.
Spirituality is part of holistic nursing care. The concept of spiritual literacy is introduced as the nurse's ability to read the spiritual signs of the human experience.
Classical grounded theory methodology with open and selective coding was used to identify the participants' main concern and the strategies they used to resolve it, and to develop a substantive grounded theory.
Data were collected in 2008 and 2014 during eight focus group interviews with a total of 22 nurses recruited from a master's programme, postgraduate programmes and a local hospital. Data were analysed through constant comparison until the grounded theory emerged.
The participants' main concern was how to assist the patient to alleviation. The participants resolved this by Discerning the healing path, which comprises three stages: Tuning in on spirituality, Uncovering deep concerns and Facilitating the healing process. These three stages are accompanied all the way by the participants' Willingness to overcome own comfort zone and Building a trusting relationship.
Spirituality is of relevance for all areas of nursing care, not just dying patients or those in palliative care. Spirituality relates to the deep and important things in life and affects how patients face health issues. Nurses attend to spirituality in patients because the pain of the soul touches them and the calmness of spiritual peace amazes them.
The professional culture in the health care team socialises nurses into the workplace, and leaders need to pay close attention to how they can foster openness to spiritual matters. The personal and professional maturity of the nurse is fundamental to his or her willingness and ability to overcome own comfort zone.
考察护士在不同临床环境中提供精神护理的经历，最好不是姑息治疗环境。
精神层面是整体护理的一部分。精神素养的概念被引入，指护士解读人类经历中精神迹象的能力。
采用经典扎根理论方法，通过开放式和选择性编码来确定参与者的主要关切以及他们用以解决问题的策略，并构建一个实质性扎根理论。
在2008年和2014年期间，对从一个硕士项目、研究生项目以及一家当地医院招募的共22名护士进行了八次焦点小组访谈以收集数据。通过持续比较对数据进行分析，直至扎根理论浮现。
参与者的主要关切是如何帮助患者缓解痛苦。参与者通过辨别康复路径来解决这一问题，该路径包括三个阶段：关注精神层面、揭示深层关切、促进康复过程。在这三个阶段中，参与者始终伴随着克服自身舒适区的意愿以及建立信任关系。
精神层面与护理的各个领域都相关，而不仅仅关乎临终患者或接受姑息治疗的患者。精神层面关乎生活中深刻且重要的事物，并影响患者面对健康问题的方式。护士关注患者的精神层面，是因为灵魂的痛苦触动了他们，而精神安宁的平静让他们感到惊叹。
医疗团队中的专业文化使护士融入工作场所，领导者需要密切关注如何促进对精神层面问题的开放态度。护士的个人和职业成熟度是其克服自身舒适区的意愿和能力的基础。
