Abolmaali N, Foelske H, Magnussen H, Palisch H, Schellong S M
Klinik für Radiologie, Krankenhaus Dresden-Friedrichstadt, Städtisches Klinikum, Dresden, Deutschland.
Internist (Berl). 2015 Aug;56(8):872-81. doi: 10.1007/s00108-015-3687-y.
The diagnostic pathway for the evaluation of patients with dyspnea requires a thorough history taking and physical examination. Based on the results of these basic steps a broad variety of additional diagnostic tests are available. Each test can contribute valuable information when correctly indicated and performed. Among these are electrocardiography (ECG), laboratory parameters, X-ray examination, echocardiography, spirometry and whole body plethysmography and finally spiroergometry. This article presents a focused review of what each of these diagnostic modalities can contribute to the diagnostic process for dyspnea.
评估呼吸困难患者的诊断途径需要全面的病史采集和体格检查。基于这些基本步骤的结果，有各种各样的其他诊断测试可供选择。每项测试在正确应用和实施时都能提供有价值的信息。其中包括心电图（ECG）、实验室参数、X线检查、超声心动图、肺量计和全身体积描记法，最后是运动肺功能测定。本文重点综述了这些诊断方法中的每一种对呼吸困难诊断过程的贡献。
