MacDorman Marian F, Gregory Elizabeth C W
Natl Vital Stat Rep. 2015 Jul 23;64(8):1-24.
This report presents 2013 fetal and perinatal mortality data by maternal age, marital status, race, Hispanic origin, and state of residence, as well as by fetal birthweight, gestational age, plurality, and sex. Trends in fetal and perinatal mortality are also examined.
Descriptive tabulations of data are presented and interpreted.
A total of 23,595 fetal deaths at 20 weeks of gestation or more were reported in the United States in 2013. The U.S. fetal mortality rate was 5.96 fetal deaths at 20 weeks of gestation or more per 1,000 live births and fetal deaths, not significantly different from the rate of 6.05 in 2012. The lack of decline in fetal mortality in recent years, coupled with declines in infant mortality, meant that more fetal deaths than infant deaths occurred in the United States for 2011–2013 (although the rates were essentially the same). In 2013, the fetal mortality rate for non-Hispanic black women (10.53) was more than twice the rate for non-Hispanic white (4.88) and Asian or Pacific Islander (4.68) women. The rate for American Indian or Alaska Native women (6.22) was 27% higher, and the rate for Hispanic women (5.22) was 7% higher, than the rate for non-Hispanic white women. Fetal mortality rates were highest for teenagers, women aged 35 and over, unmarried women, and women with multiple pregnancies.
本报告呈现了2013年按产妇年龄、婚姻状况、种族、西班牙裔血统及居住州划分的胎儿和围产期死亡率数据，同时也按胎儿出生体重、孕周、产次及性别进行了划分。此外，还研究了胎儿和围产期死亡率的趋势。
对数据进行描述性列表并加以解读。
2013年美国共报告了23,595例妊娠20周及以上的胎儿死亡。美国胎儿死亡率为每1,000例活产和胎儿死亡中有5.96例妊娠20周及以上的胎儿死亡，与2012年的6.05率无显著差异。近年来胎儿死亡率缺乏下降，再加上婴儿死亡率下降，这意味着2011 - 2013年美国发生的胎儿死亡多于婴儿死亡（尽管比率基本相同）。2013年，非西班牙裔黑人女性的胎儿死亡率（10.53）是非西班牙裔白人（4.88）和亚裔或太平洋岛民女性（4.68）的两倍多。美国印第安人或阿拉斯加原住民女性的死亡率（6.22）比非西班牙裔白人女性高27%，西班牙裔女性的死亡率（5.22）比非西班牙裔白人女性高7%。青少年、35岁及以上女性、未婚女性以及多胎妊娠女性的胎儿死亡率最高。
