Martin Joyce A, Hamilton Brady E, Ventura Stephanie J, Osterman Michelle J K, Wilson Elizabeth C, Mathews T J
Natl Vital Stat Rep. 2012 Aug 28;61(1):1-72.
This report presents 2010 data on U.S. births according to a wide variety of characteristics. Data are presented for maternal characteristics including age, live-birth order, race and Hispanic origin, marital status, attendant at birth, method of delivery, and infant characteristics (period of gestation, birthweight, and plurality). Birth and fertility rates by age, live-birth order, race and Hispanic origin, and marital status also are presented. Selected data by mother's state of residence are shown, as well as birth rates by age and race of father. Trends in fertility patterns and maternal and infant characteristics are described and interpreted.
Descriptive tabulations of data reported on the birth certificates of the 4.0 million births that occurred in 2010 are presented. Denominators for population-based rates are postcensal estimates derived from the U.S. 2010 census.
The number of births declined to 3,999,386 in 2010, 3 percent less than in 2009. The general fertility rate also declined 3 percent, to 64.1 per 1,000 women aged 15-44. The teen birth rate fell 10 percent to 34.2 per 1,000. Birth rates for women in each 5-year age group from 20 through 39 years declined, but the rate for women aged 40-44 continued to rise. The total fertility rate (estimated number of births over a woman's lifetime) was down 4 percent to 1,931 per 1,000 women. The number, rate, and percentage of births to unmarried women declined. The cesarean deliver rate was down for the first year since 1996 to 32.8 percent. The preterm birth rate declines for the fourth year in a row to 11.99 percent; the low birthweight rate was stable at 8.15 percent. The twin birth rate declined slightly to 33.1 per 1,000 births; the triplet and higer-order multipe birth rate dropped 10 percent to 137.6 per 100,000.
本报告展示了2010年美国按多种特征划分的出生数据。数据涵盖产妇特征，包括年龄、生育顺序、种族和西班牙裔血统、婚姻状况、分娩陪护人员、分娩方式，以及婴儿特征（妊娠期、出生体重和多胞胎情况）。还呈现了按年龄、生育顺序、种族和西班牙裔血统以及婚姻状况划分的出生率和生育率。展示了按母亲居住州划分的选定数据，以及按父亲年龄和种族划分的出生率。描述并解读了生育模式以及母婴特征的趋势。
呈现了对2010年发生的400万例出生的出生证明上所报告数据的描述性列表。基于人群的比率的分母是根据2010年美国人口普查得出的普查后估计数。
2010年出生人数降至3999386例，比2009年减少了3%。总生育率也下降了3%，降至每1000名15 - 44岁女性中有64.1例。青少年生育率下降了10%，降至每1000人中有34.2例。20岁至39岁的每5岁年龄组女性的出生率均有所下降，但40 - 44岁女性的出生率继续上升。总和生育率（一名女性一生中的估计出生数）下降了4%，降至每1000名女性中有1931例。未婚女性的生育数量、比率和百分比均有所下降。剖宫产率自1996年以来首次下降至32.8%。早产率连续第四年下降至11.99%；低体重儿出生率稳定在8.15%。双胞胎出生率略有下降，降至每1000例出生中有33.1例；三胞胎及更高阶多胞胎出生率下降了10%，降至每10万人中有137.6例。
