Electrophysiologic evaluation of spinal cord motor conduction.

Spinal cord motor conduction was determined by stimulating with a monopolar needle at the C5 cord level and recording evoked motor potentials from the ipsilateral tibialis anterior muscle. Minimal F wave and direct motor latencies from the peroneal nerve were used to calculate peripheral conduction time. Mean velocity index (defined as the distance from C5 to L4 divided by central conduction time) of 15 normal subjects was 64.9 m/sec (SD 7.5). In 5 patients with multiple sclerosis the mean velocity index was 40.6 m/sec (SD 6.5), whereas in 3 patients with cervical myelopathies, due to extradural compression, the mean velocity index was 32.8 m/sec. A repeat study in one of the latter patients, 4 days after removal of a C5 disc, documented a marked improvement in cord conduction. In a patient with a thoracic and cervical syrinx, cervical cord stimulation on the clinically affected side failed to evoke a motor potential, whereas the unaffected side was normal. This method provides a simple and effective way to evaluate spinal cord motor conduction using routine electrodiagnostic equipment.