Pilna J, Vlkova E, Krofta K, Nesvadba V, Rada V, Kokoska L
Department of Crop Sciences and Agroforestry, Faculty of Tropical AgriSciences, Czech University of Life Sciences Prague, Kamycka 129, 165 21 Prague 6 - Suchdol, Czech Republic.
Department of Microbiology, Nutrition and Dietetics, Faculty of Agrobiology, Food and Natural Resources, Czech University of Life Sciences Prague, Kamycka 129, 165 21 Prague 6 - Suchdol, Czech Republic.
Fitoterapia. 2015 Sep;105:260-8. doi: 10.1016/j.fitote.2015.07.016. Epub 2015 Jul 29.
Conventional chemical antiseptics used for treatment of oral infections often produce side-effects, which restrict their long-term use. Plants are considered as perspective sources of novel natural antiseptics. However, little is still known about their inhibitory properties against oral pathogens. The objective of this study was to test in vitro antimicrobial activities of generally recognized as safe (GRAS) species against planktonic cultures of cariogenic, periodontal and candidal microorganisms and identify active compounds of the most active extracts. Growth-inhibitory effects of ethanol extracts from 109 GRAS plant species, six Humulus lupulus cultivars and two hop supercritical CO2 extracts were evaluated using broth microdilution method. The chemical analysis was done through high-performance liquid chromatography. Best results were obtained for supercritical CO2 and ethanol extracts of H. lupulus with minimum inhibitory concentrations (MIC) ≥8 μg/mL and ≥16 μg/mL, respectively. The chemical analysis of supercritical CO2H. lupulus extracts revealed that α- and β-acids were their main constituents. Capsicum annuum and Capsicum frutescens showed antibacterial effect against Streptococcus sobrinus and Streptococcus salivarius (MIC=64-128 μg/mL). These strains were further inhibited by Zanthoxylum clava-herculis (MIC=64-128 μg/mL) and Myristica fragrans (both MIC≥128 μg/mL). The latter also exhibited antimicrobial activity against Fusobacterium nucleatum (MIC=64 μg/mL). Punica granatum possessed inhibitory effects against Candida albicans (MIC=128 μg/mL) and F. nucleatum (MIC=64 μg/mL). The results indicate that supercritical CO2H. lupulus extracts together with ethanol extracts of C. annuum, C. frutescens, M. fragrans, P. granatum and Z. clava-herculis are promising materials for further investigation on new antiseptic agents of oral care products.
用于治疗口腔感染的传统化学防腐剂常常会产生副作用，这限制了它们的长期使用。植物被认为是新型天然防腐剂的潜在来源。然而，关于它们对口腔病原体的抑制特性仍知之甚少。本研究的目的是测试一般认为安全（GRAS）的物种对致龋、牙周和念珠菌微生物浮游培养物的体外抗菌活性，并鉴定最具活性提取物的活性成分。使用肉汤微量稀释法评估了109种GRAS植物物种的乙醇提取物、6个啤酒花品种的乙醇提取物以及2种啤酒花超临界CO2提取物的生长抑制作用。通过高效液相色谱法进行化学分析。啤酒花的超临界CO2提取物和乙醇提取物分别获得了最佳结果，最低抑菌浓度（MIC）≥8 μg/mL和≥16 μg/mL。啤酒花超临界CO2提取物的化学分析表明，α-酸和β-酸是其主要成分。辣椒和小米辣对远缘链球菌和唾液链球菌具有抗菌作用（MIC = 64 - 128 μg/mL）。这些菌株被 Hercules花椒（MIC = 64 - 128 μg/mL）和肉豆蔻进一步抑制（两者MIC≥128 μg/mL）。后者对具核梭杆菌也表现出抗菌活性（MIC = 64 μg/mL）。石榴对白色念珠菌（MIC = 128 μg/mL）和具核梭杆菌（MIC = 64 μg/mL）具有抑制作用。结果表明，啤酒花超临界CO2提取物以及辣椒、小米辣、肉豆蔻、石榴和Hercules花椒的乙醇提取物是用于进一步研究口腔护理产品新型防腐剂的有前景的材料。
