Flowers E M, Simmonds K, Messick G A, Sullivan L, Schott E J
Institute of Marine and Environmental Technology, University of Maryland Center for Environmental Science, Baltimore, MD, USA.
Cooperative Oxford Laboratory, USDOC/NOAA/NOS/NCCOS, Oxford, MD, USA.
J Fish Dis. 2016 Jun;39(6):705-14. doi: 10.1111/jfd.12403. Epub 2015 Aug 6.
There is a need for more information on the relationship between diseases and fluctuations of wild populations of marine animals. In the case of Callinectes sapidus reovirus 1 (CsRV1, also known as RLV), there is a lack of baseline information on range, prevalence and outbreaks, from which to develop an understanding of population-level impacts. An RT-qPCR assay was developed that is capable of detecting 10 copies of the CsRV1 genome. In collaboration with state, federal and academic partners, blue crabs were collected from sites throughout the north-eastern United States to assess the northern range of this pathogen. In addition, archived crab samples from the Chesapeake Bay were assessed for CsRV1 by RT-qPCR and histology. PCR-based assessments indicate that CsRV1 was present at all but one site. Prevalence of CsRV1 as assessed by RT-qPCR was highly variable between locations, and CsRV1 prevalence varied between years at a given location. Mean CsRV1 prevalence as assessed by RT-qPCR was >15% each year, and peak prevalence was 79%. The wide geographic range and highly variable prevalence of CsRV1 indicate that more study is needed to understand CsRV1 dynamics and the role the virus plays in blue crab natural mortality.
需要更多关于疾病与海洋动物野生种群波动之间关系的信息。以美味优游蟹呼肠孤病毒1（CsRV1，也称为RLV）为例，目前缺乏关于其分布范围、流行率和疫情爆发的基线信息，难以据此了解其对种群水平的影响。我们开发了一种RT-qPCR检测方法，能够检测到10个拷贝的CsRV1基因组。与州、联邦和学术合作伙伴合作，从美国东北部各地收集蓝蟹，以评估这种病原体的北部分布范围。此外，通过RT-qPCR和组织学方法对切萨皮克湾存档的蟹类样本进行了CsRV1评估。基于PCR的评估表明，除一个地点外，其他所有地点均存在CsRV1。通过RT-qPCR评估的CsRV1流行率在不同地点之间差异很大，且在给定地点，CsRV1流行率在不同年份也有所不同。通过RT-qPCR评估的CsRV1平均流行率每年均>15%，峰值流行率为79%。CsRV1广泛的地理分布范围和高度可变的流行率表明，需要开展更多研究来了解CsRV1的动态变化以及该病毒在蓝蟹自然死亡中所起的作用。
