Roshchin A V, Kazimov M A, Ordzhonikidze E K
Central Medical Postgraduate Institute, Moscow, USSR.
J Hyg Epidemiol Microbiol Immunol. 1989;33(4):369-77.
Toxicokinetics of cobalt was studied on rats by the method of radioactive isotopes using single or repeated administrations. Co was used in the form of sulphate in doses of 0.1 and 0.2 mg/kg administered by 4 different routes (intragastric, intraperitoneal, intratracheal, subcutaneous). Good absorption was established in the parenteral routes of administration, the regularities of absorption, retention in the internal organs and elimination of cobalt were determined and mathematically expressed. Clear dependence was established between the doses administered and the content in biomedia. The liver and the kidneys were found to be the organs of highest accumulation of cobalt. Elimination half-lives and the time of establishment of a constant level during long-term exposure were determined. It is proposed to carry out diagnostic examination in the course of a few hours after the work shift. Urine and blood are the test objects in which direct correlation has been established. Delayed elimination of cobalt from the organism under protracted exposure may be the essential cause of increased hazard for man, which conditions the necessity of determining maximum acceptable concentration for this substance.
采用放射性同位素方法，通过单次或重复给药，对大鼠进行了钴的毒代动力学研究。钴以硫酸盐形式使用，剂量为0.1和0.2毫克/千克，通过4种不同途径（胃内、腹腔内、气管内、皮下）给药。已证实非肠道给药途径吸收良好，确定了钴的吸收规律、在体内器官中的潴留情况及消除情况，并进行了数学表达。确定了给药剂量与生物介质中含量之间的明显相关性。发现肝脏和肾脏是钴蓄积量最高的器官。确定了消除半衰期以及长期接触期间达到恒定水平的时间。建议在轮班工作后数小时内进行诊断检查。尿液和血液是已建立直接相关性的检测对象。长期接触下钴从体内的消除延迟可能是对人类危害增加的主要原因，这决定了确定该物质最大可接受浓度的必要性。
