Sharma Priyanka, Sharma Rinu
Research Scholar, University School of Biotechnology, Guru Gobind Singh Indraprastha University, New Delhi 110078, India.
Assistant Professor, University School of Biotechnology, Guru Gobind Singh Indraprastha University, Sector 16C Dwarka, New Delhi 110078, India.
Crit Rev Oncol Hematol. 2015 Dec;96(3):449-62. doi: 10.1016/j.critrevonc.2015.07.002. Epub 2015 Jul 16.
The asymptomatic nature of esophageal cancer (EC) at early stages results in late clinical presentation leading to poor prognosis and limited success of therapeutic modalities. Efforts to identify diagnostic/prognostic markers have proven to be unsuccessful for translation into clinics. Hence, there is a pressing need for establishment of novel non-invasive biomarker for early diagnosis/better prognosis of EC. Recently, alteration in microRNA (miRNA) expression has emerged as an important hallmark of cancer. This review summarizes the differential expression of miRNAs in EC and addresses how their aberrant expression influences crucial biological processes such as apoptosis, cell proliferation, invasion and metastasis. Additionally, this review highlights the current status of circulating miRNA based diagnostic/prognostic markers. An effort has been made to find a connection between different miRNAs involved in EC and a detailed analysis has been done to screen out micoRNAs involved in prognosis and multidrug resistance. Further, investigation of these miRNAs would not only provide a gene therapy based strategy to prevent/treat cancer but also to reverse multidrug resistance leading to decreased requirement of harmful chemotherapeutic drugs.
食管癌（EC）早期的无症状特性导致临床呈现较晚，进而致使预后不良且治疗方式的成功率有限。事实证明，识别诊断/预后标志物的努力在转化为临床应用方面并不成功。因此，迫切需要建立用于食管癌早期诊断/改善预后的新型非侵入性生物标志物。最近，微小RNA（miRNA）表达的改变已成为癌症的一个重要标志。本综述总结了miRNA在食管癌中的差异表达，并探讨了它们的异常表达如何影响诸如凋亡、细胞增殖、侵袭和转移等关键生物学过程。此外，本综述突出了基于循环miRNA的诊断/预后标志物的现状。已努力寻找食管癌中涉及的不同miRNA之间的联系，并进行了详细分析以筛选出参与预后和多药耐药的微小RNA。此外，对这些miRNA的研究不仅将提供一种基于基因治疗的策略来预防/治疗癌症，还能逆转多药耐药，从而减少对有害化疗药物的需求。
