Rey Amandine E, Roche Kévin, Versace Rémy, Chainay Hanna
Laboratoire d'Etude des Mécanismes Cognitifs, Université Lumière Lyon 2 Lyon, France.
Front Psychol. 2015 Jul 22;6:1031. doi: 10.3389/fpsyg.2015.01031. eCollection 2015.
There is much behavioral and neurophysiological evidence in support of the idea that seeing a tool activates motor components of action related to the perceived object (e.g., grasping, use manipulation). However, the question remains as to whether the processing of the motor components associated with the tool is automatic or depends on the situation, including the task and the modality of tool presentation. The present study investigated whether the activation of motor components involved in tool use in response to the simple perception of a tool is influenced by the link between prime and target tools, as well as by the modality of presentation, in perceptual or motor tasks. To explore this issue, we manipulated the similarity of gesture involved in the use of the prime and target (identical, similar, different) with two tool presentation modalities of the presentation tool (visual or auditory) in perceptual and motor tasks. Across the experiments, we also manipulated the relevance of the prime (i.e., associated or not with the current task). The participants saw a first tool (or heard the sound it makes), which was immediately followed by a second tool on which they had to perform a perceptual task (i.e., indicate whether the second tool was identical to or different from the first tool) or a motor task (i.e., manipulate the second tool as if it were the first tool). In both tasks, the similarity between the gestures employed for the first and the second tool was manipulated (Identical, Similar or Different gestures). The results showed that responses were faster when the manipulation gestures for the two tools were identical or similar, but only in the motor task. This effect was observed irrespective of the modality of presentation of the first tool, i.e., visual or auditory. We suggest that the influence of manipulation gesture on response time depends on the relevance of the first tool in motor tasks. We discuss these motor activation results in terms of the relevance and demands of the tasks.
有许多行为和神经生理学证据支持这样一种观点，即看到工具会激活与所感知物体相关的动作的运动成分（例如抓握、使用操作）。然而，与工具相关的运动成分的处理是自动的还是取决于情境，包括任务和工具呈现的方式，这个问题仍然存在。本研究调查了在感知或运动任务中，对工具的简单感知所引发的工具使用中涉及的运动成分的激活是否受到启动工具和目标工具之间的联系以及呈现方式的影响。为了探究这个问题，我们在感知和运动任务中，通过两种工具呈现方式（视觉或听觉），操纵了启动工具和目标工具使用中涉及的手势的相似性（相同、相似、不同）。在整个实验中，我们还操纵了启动工具的相关性（即与当前任务相关或不相关）。参与者看到第一个工具（或听到它发出的声音），随后立即看到第二个工具，他们必须对第二个工具执行感知任务（即指出第二个工具与第一个工具是否相同）或运动任务（即像使用第一个工具一样操作第二个工具）。在这两个任务中，都操纵了用于第一个和第二个工具的手势之间的相似性（相同、相似或不同的手势）。结果表明，当两个工具的操作手势相同或相似时，反应更快，但仅在运动任务中如此。无论第一个工具的呈现方式是视觉还是听觉，都观察到了这种效应。我们认为，操作手势对反应时间的影响取决于第一个工具在运动任务中的相关性。我们根据任务的相关性和要求来讨论这些运动激活结果。
