麝属（反刍亚目：麝科）的物种界定及其高原起源
Species Delimitation in the Genus Moschus (Ruminantia: Moschidae) and Its High-Plateau Origin.
作者信息
Pan Tao, Wang Hui, Hu Chaochao, Sun Zhonglou, Zhu Xiaoxue, Meng Tao, Meng Xiuxiang, Zhang Baowei
机构信息
Anhui Key Laboratory of Eco-engineering and Bio-technique, School of Life Sciences, Anhui University, Hefei, 230601, Anhui, China.
School of Life Science, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing, 230039, Jiangsu, China.
出版信息
PLoS One. 2015 Aug 17;10(8):e0134183. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0134183. eCollection 2015.
The authenticity of controversial species is a significant challenge for systematic biologists. Moschidae is a small family of musk deer in the Artiodactyla, composing only one genus, Moschus. Historically, the number of species in the Moschidae family has been debated. Presently, most musk deer species were restricted in the Tibetan Plateau and surrounding/adjacent areas, which implied that the evolution of Moschus might have been punctuated by the uplift of the Tibetan Plateau. In this study, we aimed to determine the evolutionary history and delimit the species in Moschus by exploring the complete mitochondrial genome (mtDNA) and other mitochondrial gene. Our study demonstrated that six species, M. leucogaster, M. fuscus, M. moschiferus, M. berezovskii, M. chrysogaster and M. anhuiensis, were authentic species in the genus Moschus. Phylogenetic analysis and molecular dating showed that the ancestor of the present Moschidae originates from Tibetan Plateau which suggested that the evolution of Moschus was prompted by the most intense orogenic movement of the Tibetan Plateau during the Pliocene age, and alternating glacial-interglacial geological eras.
有争议物种的真实性对系统生物学家来说是一项重大挑战。麝科是偶蹄目中的一个小型麝类家族，仅包含一个属，即麝属。从历史上看，麝科家族的物种数量一直存在争议。目前，大多数麝类物种都局限于青藏高原及其周边/邻近地区，这意味着麝属的进化可能受到了青藏高原隆升的影响。在本研究中，我们旨在通过探索完整的线粒体基因组（mtDNA）和其他线粒体基因来确定麝属的进化历史并划分其物种。我们的研究表明，白腹麝、黑麝、原麝、马麝、喜马拉雅麝和安徽麝这六个物种是麝属中的真实物种。系统发育分析和分子定年表明，现存麝科的祖先起源于青藏高原，这表明麝属的进化是由上新世时期青藏高原最强烈的造山运动以及交替出现的冰期-间冰期地质时代所推动的。
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