Thompson Jon S
Department of Surgery, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, USA.
Viszeralmedizin. 2014 Jun;30(3):174-8. doi: 10.1159/000363276.
The short bowel syndrome (SBS) is a condition caused by extensive intestinal resection for a variety of conditions. The etiology varies by age group. Necrotizing enterocolitis is the leading cause in infants. In older children, trauma and malignancies are most common. Postoperative SBS has become most common in adults, followed by mesenteric vascular disease and cancer/irradiation.
Systematic literature review.
Prevention of SBS should be given high priority. Each of the etiologies has been evaluated and strategies to prevent extensive resection have been developed. These include a thoughtful approach to reoperation, early identification of complications, e.g. intestinal ischemia, reducing radiation enteritis, and bowel-conserving therapies in diseases such as Crohn's disease.
Several operative strategies to prevent SBS are useful. Timing and extent of reoperation need careful consideration. Minimizing intestinal resection, bowel-conserving techniques for complications such as fistula or strictures, and remodeling procedures are important.
短肠综合征（SBS）是由于各种原因进行广泛肠切除所致的一种病症。其病因因年龄组而异。坏死性小肠结肠炎是婴儿的主要病因。在大龄儿童中，创伤和恶性肿瘤最为常见。术后短肠综合征在成人中最为常见，其次是肠系膜血管疾病和癌症/放疗。
系统文献综述。
应高度重视短肠综合征的预防。已对每种病因进行了评估，并制定了预防广泛切除的策略。这些策略包括对再次手术的审慎处理、早期识别并发症（如肠缺血）、减少放射性肠炎以及对克罗恩病等疾病采用保留肠段的治疗方法。
几种预防短肠综合征的手术策略是有用的。再次手术的时机和范围需要仔细考虑。尽量减少肠切除、针对瘘管或狭窄等并发症采用保留肠段的技术以及重塑手术很重要。
