Todd Jemma, Sharpe Louise, Johnson Ameika, Nicholson Perry Kathryn, Colagiuri Ben, Dear Blake F
Clinical Psychology Unit, School of Psychology, University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia School of Psychological Sciences, Australian College of Applied Psychology, Sydney, Australia Department of Psychology, Macquarie University, Sydney, Australia.
Pain. 2015 Sep;156(9):1589-1600. doi: 10.1097/j.pain.0000000000000214.
Individuals with chronic pain demonstrate attentional biases (ABs) towards pain-related stimuli. However, the clinical importance of these biases is yet to be determined and a sound theoretical model for explaining the role of ABs in the development and maintenance of pain is lacking. Within this article, we (1) systematically review prospective and experimental research exploring ABs and pain outcomes in light of current theoretical models and (2) propose a theoretical framework for understanding AB in pain. Across prospective research, an attentional pattern of vigilance-avoidance was observed. Interventions targeting ABs were less consistent; however, there were promising findings among studies that found attentional training effects, particularly for laboratory research. The proposed Threat Interpretation Model suggests a relationship between threat, interpretation, and stimuli in determining attentional processes, which while tentative generates important testable predictions regarding the role of attention in pain and builds on previous theoretical and empirical work in this area.
慢性疼痛患者对疼痛相关刺激表现出注意偏向（ABs）。然而，这些偏向的临床重要性尚未确定，且缺乏一个合理的理论模型来解释ABs在疼痛发生和维持中的作用。在本文中，我们（1）根据当前理论模型系统回顾探索ABs与疼痛结果的前瞻性和实验性研究，（2）提出一个理解疼痛中ABs的理论框架。在前瞻性研究中，观察到一种警惕-回避的注意模式。针对ABs的干预措施不太一致；然而，在发现注意训练效果的研究中，尤其是实验室研究，有一些很有前景的发现。所提出的威胁解释模型表明，在确定注意过程中，威胁、解释和刺激之间存在一种关系，这一关系虽然具有试探性，但就注意在疼痛中的作用产生了重要的可检验预测，并基于该领域先前的理论和实证研究。
