临床精神病高危个体的同理心：大脑与行为。
Empathy in individuals clinically at risk for psychosis: brain and behaviour.
机构信息
Birgit Derntl, PhD, Department of Psychiatry, Psychotherapy and Psychosomatics, Medical School, RWTH Aachen University, Aachen, Germany, Jülich Aachen Research Alliance (JARA), Translational Brain Medicine, Germany and Institute for Neuroscience and Medicine (INM-1), Research Center Jülich, Jülich, Aachen, Germany; Tanja Maria Michel, MD, Department of Psychiatry, Region of Southern Denmark, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark; Pamela Prempeh, MD, Department of Psychiatry, Psychotherapy and Psychosomatics, Medical School, RWTH Aachen University, Aachen, Germany; Volker Backes, PhD, Department of Psychiatry, Psychotherapy and Psychosomatics, Medical School, RWTH Aachen University, Aachen, Germany and Jülich Aachen Research Alliance (JARA), Translational Brain Medicine, Germany, Andreas Finkelmeyer, PhD, Institute of Neuroscience, Newcastle Biomedicine, Newcastle University, Newcastle-upon-Tyne, UK; Frank Schneider, MD, PhD, Ute Habel, PhD, Department of Psychiatry, Psychotherapy and Psychosomatics, Medical School, RWTH Aachen University, Aachen, Germany and Jülich Aachen Research Alliance (JARA), Translational Brain Medicine, Germany
Birgit Derntl, PhD, Department of Psychiatry, Psychotherapy and Psychosomatics, Medical School, RWTH Aachen University, Aachen, Germany, Jülich Aachen Research Alliance (JARA), Translational Brain Medicine, Germany and Institute for Neuroscience and Medicine (INM-1), Research Center Jülich, Jülich, Aachen, Germany; Tanja Maria Michel, MD, Department of Psychiatry, Region of Southern Denmark, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark; Pamela Prempeh, MD, Department of Psychiatry, Psychotherapy and Psychosomatics, Medical School, RWTH Aachen University, Aachen, Germany; Volker Backes, PhD, Department of Psychiatry, Psychotherapy and Psychosomatics, Medical School, RWTH Aachen University, Aachen, Germany and Jülich Aachen Research Alliance (JARA), Translational Brain Medicine, Germany, Andreas Finkelmeyer, PhD, Institute of Neuroscience, Newcastle Biomedicine, Newcastle University, Newcastle-upon-Tyne, UK; Frank Schneider, MD, PhD, Ute Habel, PhD, Department of Psychiatry, Psychotherapy and Psychosomatics, Medical School, RWTH Aachen University, Aachen, Germany and Jülich Aachen Research Alliance (JARA), Translational Brain Medicine, Germany.
出版信息
Br J Psychiatry. 2015 Nov;207(5):407-13. doi: 10.1192/bjp.bp.114.159004. Epub 2015 Aug 20.
BACKGROUND
Empathy is a basic human ability, and patients with schizophrenia show dysfunctional empathic abilities on the behavioural and neural level.
AIMS
These dysfunctions may precede the onset of illness; thus, it seems mandatory to examine the empathic abilities in individuals at clinical high risk for psychosis.
METHOD
Using functional magnetic resonance imaging, we measured 15 individuals at clinical high risk of psychosis (CHR group) and compared their empathy performance with 15 healthy volunteers and 15 patients with schizophrenia.
RESULTS
Behavioural data analysis indicated no significant deficit in the CHR group. Functional data analysis revealed hyperactivation in a frontotemporoparietal network including the amygdala in the CHR group compared with the other two groups.
CONCLUSIONS
Despite normal behavioural performance, the CHR group activated the neural empathy network differently and specifically showed hyperactivation in regions critical for emotion processing. This could suggest a compensatory mechanism reflecting emotional hypersensitivity or dysfunctional emotion regulation. Further investigations should clarify the role of these neural alterations for development and exacerbation of psychosis.
背景
同理心是一种基本的人类能力，精神分裂症患者在行为和神经水平上表现出同理心功能障碍。
目的
这些功能障碍可能先于疾病发作；因此，检查处于精神病高危状态的个体的同理心能力似乎是强制性的。
方法
我们使用功能磁共振成像，测量了 15 名处于精神病高危状态的个体（CHR 组），并将他们的同理心表现与 15 名健康志愿者和 15 名精神分裂症患者进行了比较。
结果
行为数据分析表明 CHR 组没有明显的缺陷。功能数据分析显示，与其他两组相比，CHR 组在前额顶颞顶叶网络中包括杏仁核的区域表现出过度活跃。
结论
尽管行为表现正常，但 CHR 组的神经同理心网络激活方式不同，特别是在对情绪处理至关重要的区域表现出过度活跃。这可能表明存在一种代偿机制，反映了情绪敏感性增加或情绪调节功能障碍。进一步的研究应阐明这些神经改变在精神病的发展和恶化中的作用。
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