Du Jiamu, Johnson Lianna M, Jacobsen Steven E, Patel Dinshaw J
Shanghai Center for Plant Stress Biology, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201602, China.
Howard Hughes Medical Institute and Department of Molecular, Cell and Developmental Biology, University of California at Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California 90095, USA.
Nat Rev Mol Cell Biol. 2015 Sep;16(9):519-32. doi: 10.1038/nrm4043.
Methylation of DNA and of histone 3 at Lys 9 (H3K9) are highly correlated with gene silencing in eukaryotes from fungi to humans. Both of these epigenetic marks need to be established at specific regions of the genome and then maintained at these sites through cell division. Protein structural domains that specifically recognize methylated DNA and methylated histones are key for targeting enzymes that catalyse these marks to appropriate genome sites. Genetic, genomic, structural and biochemical data reveal connections between these two epigenetic marks, and these domains mediate much of the crosstalk.
从真菌到人类的真核生物中，DNA甲基化以及组蛋白H3第9位赖氨酸（H3K9）的甲基化与基因沉默高度相关。这两种表观遗传标记都需要在基因组的特定区域建立，然后在细胞分裂过程中在这些位点维持。特异性识别甲基化DNA和甲基化组蛋白的蛋白质结构域是将催化这些标记的酶靶向到合适基因组位点的关键。遗传学、基因组学、结构和生化数据揭示了这两种表观遗传标记之间的联系，并且这些结构域介导了大部分的相互作用。
