Linguistics Department, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095-1543, USA.
Wiley Interdiscip Rev Cogn Sci. 2011 Mar;2(2):206-221. doi: 10.1002/wcs.102. Epub 2010 Aug 31.
This article surveys the major kinds of empirical evidence used by linguists, with a particular focus on the relevance of the evidence to the goals of generative grammar. After a background section overviewing the objectives and assumptions of that framework, three broad kinds of data are considered in the three subsequent sections: corpus data, judgment data, and (other) experimental data. The perspective adopted is that all three have their place in the linguist's toolbox: they have relative advantages and disadvantages that often complement one another, so converging evidence of more than one kind can reasonably be sought in many instances. Points are illustrated mainly with examples from syntax, but often can be easily translated to other levels (e.g., phonology, morphology, semantics, and pragmatics). WIREs Cogni Sci 2011 2 206-221 DOI: 10.1002/wcs.102 For further resources related to this article, please visit the WIREs website.
本文调查了语言学家使用的主要类型的经验证据，特别关注证据与生成语法目标的相关性。在背景部分概述了该框架的目标和假设之后，随后的三个部分考虑了三种广泛的数据：语料库数据、判断数据和（其他）实验数据。所采用的观点是，这三种数据在语言学家的工具包中都有其位置：它们各有优缺点，往往相互补充，因此在许多情况下可以合理地寻求多种类型的证据。本文主要用句法的例子来说明观点，但通常可以很容易地推广到其他层次（例如，音韵学、形态学、语义学和语用学）。WIREs Cogni Sci 2011 2 206-221 DOI: 10.1002/wcs.102 如需本文相关资源，请访问 WIREs 网站。
