Tzannidakis Nicole C A, Frewen Paul
a Department of Psychology , Western University , London , Ontario , Canada.
b Departments of Psychology and Psychiatry and Graduate Program in Neuroscience , Western University , London , Ontario , Canada.
J Trauma Dissociation. 2015;16(5):520-40. doi: 10.1080/15299732.2015.1024059. Epub 2015 Aug 26.
Research supports the existence of a dissociative subtype of posttraumatic stress disorder, although studies have not directly compared the perceived impact of dissociative versus nondissociative posttraumatic symptoms on social and occupational functioning. In addition, research is beginning to differentiate between posttraumatic distress associated with normal waking consciousness (NWC) and dissociative experiences of trauma-related altered states of consciousness (TRASC) along multiple phenomenological dimensions. The current study investigated perceived causal relationships between posttraumatic symptoms associated with NWC-distress and TRASC on the one hand and interpersonal and occupational functioning on the other. Although both TRASC and NWC-distress independently accounted for variance in self-reported interpersonal and occupational problems, perceived causal relationship results showed that individuals tended to attribute their social and work-related problems more strongly to NWC-distress than to TRASC. Future research directions are discussed.
研究支持创伤后应激障碍存在一种分离亚型,尽管研究尚未直接比较分离性与非分离性创伤后症状对社会和职业功能的感知影响。此外,研究开始沿着多个现象学维度区分与正常清醒意识(NWC)相关的创伤后痛苦和与创伤相关的意识改变状态(TRASC)的分离体验。本研究调查了一方面与NWC痛苦和TRASC相关的创伤后症状,与另一方面人际和职业功能之间的感知因果关系。尽管TRASC和NWC痛苦都独立解释了自我报告的人际和职业问题的差异,但感知因果关系结果表明,个体倾向于将他们的社会和工作相关问题更多地归因于NWC痛苦而非TRASC。讨论了未来的研究方向。