Tammam Salma N, Azzazy Hassan M E, Lamprecht Alf
J Biomed Nanotechnol. 2015 Apr;11(4):555-77. doi: 10.1166/jbn.2015.2017.
Biodegradable micro- and nanoparticles have the potential to reform the drug development landscape by improving drug solubility, changing undesirable pharmacokinetics, realizing the benefits of new molecules arising from genomic and proteomic research, and increasing drug localization in target organs and tissues; i.e., drug targeting. This review provides an overview of the in vivo fate of biodegradable particulate carriers following administration via several routes, as well as how the patient's health state, disease pathophysiology and particle physicochemical properties affect such fates. It also discusses some of the widely used biodegradable polymers, their in vivo biochemical degradation, methods of nanoparticle formulation from such polymers and finally, how such methods could be tailored to achieve targeted delivery to specified tissues both passively and actively.
可生物降解的微米和纳米颗粒有潜力通过改善药物溶解度、改变不良的药代动力学、实现基因组和蛋白质组学研究中产生的新分子的益处以及增加药物在靶器官和组织中的定位，即药物靶向，来重塑药物研发格局。本综述概述了可生物降解颗粒载体经多种途径给药后的体内命运，以及患者的健康状况、疾病病理生理学和颗粒物理化学性质如何影响这些命运。它还讨论了一些广泛使用的可生物降解聚合物、它们的体内生化降解、由这些聚合物制备纳米颗粒的方法，最后讨论了如何调整这些方法以实现被动和主动地靶向递送至特定组织。
