De Aguiar Willian Moura, Sofia Silvia H, Melo Gabriel A R, Gaglianone Maria Cristina
Laboratório de Estudos Ambientais, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Modelagem em Ciências da Terra e do Ambiente, Universidade Estadual de Feira de Santana, Av. Transnordestina, s/n, Novo Horizonte, Feira de Santana-BA 44036-900, Brazil. Laboratório de Ciências Ambientais, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ecologia e Recursos Naturais, Universidade Estadual do Norte Fluminense Darcy Ribeiro, Av. Alberto Lamego, 2000, Parque Califórnia, Campos dos Goytacazes-RJ 28013-600, Brazil.
Laboratório de Genética e Ecologia Animal, Departamento de Biologia Geral, Universidade Estadual de Londrina, Rod. Celso Garcia Cid, km 380, Londrina-PR 86057-970, Brazil.
Environ Entomol. 2015 Dec;44(6):1465-71. doi: 10.1093/ee/nvv130. Epub 2015 Aug 11.
Deforestation has dramatically reduced the extent of Atlantic Forest cover in Brazil. Orchid bees are key pollinators in neotropical forest, and many species are sensitive to anthropogenic interference. In this sense understanding the matrix permeability for these bees is important for maintaining genetic diversity and pollination services. Our main objective was to assess whether the composition, abundance, and diversity of orchid bees in matrices differed from those in Atlantic forest. To do this we sampled orchid bees at 4-mo intervals from 2007 to 2009 in remnants of Atlantic Forest, and in the surrounding pasture and eucalyptus matrices. The abundance, richness, and diversity of orchid bees diminished significantly from the forest fragment toward the matrix points in the eucalyptus and pasture. Some common or intermediate species in the forest areas, such as Eulaema cingulata (F.) and Euglossa fimbriata Moure, respectively, become rare species in the matrices. Our results show that the orchid bee community is affected by the matrices surrounding the forest fragments. They also suggest that connections between forest fragments need to be improved using friendly matrices that can provide more favorable conditions for bees and increase their dispersal between fragments.
森林砍伐已大幅减少了巴西大西洋森林的覆盖范围。兰花蜂是新热带森林中的关键传粉者，许多物种对人为干扰很敏感。从这个意义上说，了解这些蜜蜂的基质渗透性对于维持遗传多样性和授粉服务很重要。我们的主要目标是评估基质中兰花蜂的组成、丰度和多样性是否与大西洋森林中的不同。为此，我们在2007年至2009年期间每隔4个月在大西洋森林残余地以及周围的牧场和桉树林基质中对兰花蜂进行采样。从森林片段到桉树林和牧场的基质点，兰花蜂的丰度、丰富度和多样性显著降低。森林地区的一些常见或中间物种，如带纹尤拉蜂（Eulaema cingulata (F.)）和缨翅尤姬蜂（Euglossa fimbriata Moure），在基质中分别成为稀有物种。我们的结果表明，兰花蜂群落受到森林片段周围基质的影响。它们还表明，需要使用对蜜蜂更友好的基质来改善森林片段之间的连接，这些基质可以为蜜蜂提供更有利的条件，并增加它们在片段之间的扩散。
