Chen H S, Yang L, Huang L F, Wang W L, Hu Y, Jiang J J, Zhou Z S
Guangxi Key Laboratory of Biology for Crop Diseases and Insect Pests, Institute of Plant Protection, Guangxi Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanning 530007, China. The authors contributed equally to this work.
Guangxi Key Laboratory of Biology for Crop Diseases and Insect Pests, Institute of Plant Protection, Guangxi Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanning 530007, China.
Environ Entomol. 2015 Aug;44(4):1230-9. doi: 10.1093/ee/nvv085. Epub 2015 Jun 13.
Phenacoccus solenopsis Tinsley (Hemiptera: Pseudococcidae), a worldwide distributive invasive pest, originated from the United States, and it was first reported in Guangdong province, China, in 2008. The effects of temperature and relative humidity (RH) on the life history traits of P. solenopsis on Hibiscus rosa-sinensis L. (Malvales: Malvaceae) were studied at seven constant temperatures (15, 20, 25, 27.5, 30, 32.5, and 35°C) and three RHs (45, 60, and 75%). The results showed that temperature, RH, and their interactions significantly influenced the life history traits of P. solenopsis. First instar was the most sensitive stage to extreme temperatures with very low survival rates at 15 and 35°C. At 25-32.5°C and the three RHs, the developmental periods of entire immature stage were shorter with values between 12.5-18.6 d. The minimum threshold temperature and the effective accumulative temperature for the pest to complete one generation were 13.2°C and 393.7 degree-days, respectively. The percentage and longevity of female adults significantly differed among different treatments. It failed to complete development at 15 or 35°C and the three RHs. Female fecundity reached the maximum value at 27.5°C and 45% RH. The intrinsic rate for increase (r), the net reproductive rate (R0), and the finite rate of increase (λ) reached the maximum values at 27.5°C and 45% RH (0.22 d(-1), 244.6 hatched eggs, and 1.25 d(-1), respectively). Therefore, we conclude that 27.5°C and 45% RH are the optimum conditions for the population development of the pest.
扶桑绵粉蚧（半翅目：粉蚧科）是一种分布于全球的入侵性害虫，原产于美国，2008年首次在中国广东省被发现。研究了在7个恒温（15、20、25、27.5、30、32.5和35℃）和3个相对湿度水平（45%、60%和75%）条件下，温度和相对湿度对扶桑绵粉蚧在朱槿（锦葵目：锦葵科）上生活史特征的影响。结果表明，温度、相对湿度及其交互作用对扶桑绵粉蚧的生活史特征有显著影响。一龄若虫是对极端温度最敏感的阶段，在15℃和35℃时存活率极低。在25 - 32.5℃和3个相对湿度水平下，整个未成熟期的发育历期较短，为12.5 - 18.6天。该害虫完成一代的最低阈值温度和有效积温分别为13.2℃和393.7日度。不同处理间雌成虫的比例和寿命存在显著差异。在15℃或35℃以及3个相对湿度水平下，其无法完成发育。雌虫繁殖力在27.5℃和45%相对湿度时达到最大值。内禀增长率（r）、净生殖率（R0）和周限增长率（λ）在27.5℃和45%相对湿度时达到最大值（分别为0.22 d⁻¹、244.6粒孵化卵和1.25 d⁻¹）。因此，我们得出结论，27.5℃和45%相对湿度是该害虫种群发育的最佳条件。
