Division of Crop Sciences, Central Research Institute for Dryland Agriculture, Santoshnagar, Hyderabad, Andhra Pradesh, India.
PLoS One. 2013 Sep 25;8(9):e75636. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0075636. eCollection 2013.
Temperature-driven development and survival rates of the mealybug, Phenacoccussolenopsis Tinsley (Hemiptera: Pseudococcidae) were examined at nine constant temperatures (15, 20, 25, 27, 30, 32, 35 and 40°C) on hibiscus (Hibiscusrosa -sinensis L.). Crawlers successfully completed development to adult stage between 15 and 35°C, although their survival was affected at low temperatures. Two linear and four nonlinear models were fitted to describe developmental rates of P. solenopsis as a function of temperature, and for estimating thermal constants and bioclimatic thresholds (lower, optimum and upper temperature thresholds for development: Tmin, Topt and Tmax, respectively). Estimated thresholds between the two linear models were statistically similar. Ikemoto and Takai's linear model permitted testing the equivalence of lower developmental thresholds for life stages of P. solenopsis reared on two hosts, hibiscus and cotton. Thermal constants required for completion of cumulative development of female and male nymphs and for the whole generation were significantly lower on hibiscus (222.2, 237.0, 308.6 degree-days, respectively) compared to cotton. Three nonlinear models performed better in describing the developmental rate for immature instars and cumulative life stages of female and male and for generation based on goodness-of-fit criteria. The simplified β type distribution function estimated Topt values closer to the observed maximum rates. Thermodynamic SSI model indicated no significant differences in the intrinsic optimum temperature estimates for different geographical populations of P. solenopsis. The estimated bioclimatic thresholds and the observed survival rates of P. solenopsis indicate the species to be high-temperature adaptive, and explained the field abundance of P. solenopsis on its host plants.
在九种恒温（15、20、25、27、30、32、35 和 40°C）下，以芙蓉（Hibiscus rosa-sinensis L.）为食，研究了粉蚧（Phenacoccus solenopsis Tinsley）的温度驱动发育和存活率。若虫在 15 至 35°C 之间成功发育为成虫，但在低温下其存活率受到影响。两种线性和四种非线性模型被拟合来描述 P. solenopsis 的发育率作为温度的函数，并估计热常数和生物气候阈值（发育的下限、最佳和上限温度阈值：Tmin、Topt 和 Tmax）。两种线性模型之间估计的阈值在统计学上是相似的。Ikemoto 和 Takai 的线性模型允许测试在两种宿主（芙蓉和棉花）上饲养的 P. solenopsis 的生命阶段的较低发育阈值的等效性。完成雌性和雄性若虫以及整个世代的累积发育所需的热常数在芙蓉上显著低于棉花（分别为 222.2、237.0 和 308.6 度日）。基于拟合优度标准，三种非线性模型在描述未成熟龄期和雌性和雄性以及基于世代的累积生命阶段的发育率方面表现更好。简化的β型分布函数估计的 Topt 值更接近观察到的最大速率。热力学 SSI 模型表明，不同地理种群的 P. solenopsis 的内在最佳温度估计值没有显著差异。估计的生物气候阈值和 P. solenopsis 的观察存活率表明该物种是高温适应性的，并解释了 P. solenopsis 在其宿主植物上的田间丰度。
