Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & School of Basic Medicine, Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100005, China; Cancer Hospital/Institute, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100021, China.
National Institute of Occupational Health and Poison Control, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing 100050, China.
Lung Cancer. 2015 Nov;90(2):155-60. doi: 10.1016/j.lungcan.2015.08.006. Epub 2015 Aug 20.
To explore the variations in the mortality trends, especially death due to lung cancer, from 1990 to 2013 in Xuanwei City.
Mortality data were collected in Xuanwei during the 2nd and 3rd National Retrospective Sampling Survey on Mortality and Routine Death Registration System (DRS) during 2011-2013. According to the result of the survey on under-reported deaths, mortality data from DRS during 2011-2013 were adjusted. Disease specific mortality rate, age-standardized mortality rate (ASMR) and 45Q15 were calculated in Xuanwei and compared with those in rural areas of China.
During three periods, 1990-1992, 2004-2005 and 2011-2013, lung cancer contributed to 56.86%, 58.45% and 63.03% of deaths from all cancers respectively with a much higher proportion than rural areas nationally. The ASMR of lung cancer for males surged from 41.43/10(5) to 88.17/10(5) during 1990-2005 and it surged from 37.70/10(5) to 74.45/10(5) for females. Although they declined slightly during 2011-2013 (82.53/10(5) and 62.62/10(5) for males and females respectively), the ASMR of lung cancer among males in Xuanwei was three times of that in rural areas in China, and it was six times higher among females. The 45Q15 of lung cancer for males in Xuanwei was 3-5 times of that in rural areas of China and for females it was 7-9 times. The high-mortality areas of lung cancer were still located in Laibin, Longchang, Wanshui and Shuanglong Communities. High-mortality areas of lung cancer expanded to their surrounding areas and those in southeast.
Although indoor air pollution caused by smoky coal has been fairly well controlled, patterns of death due to lung cancer have not obviously changed. The mortality rate of lung cancer among females was similar to that among males. Therefore, further studies should be conducted to comprehensively explore the risk factors of lung cancer in Xuanwei.
探讨 1990 年至 2013 年宣威市死亡率趋势的变化，特别是肺癌导致的死亡率变化。
通过 1990 年和 2004 年全国第二次和第三次死因回顾抽样调查及 2011 年至 2013 年常规死因登记系统（DRS）数据，收集宣威市的死亡率数据。根据漏报死亡调查结果，对 2011 年至 2013 年的 DRS 死亡率数据进行调整。计算宣威市和全国农村地区的特定疾病死亡率、年龄标准化死亡率（ASMR）和 45Q15，并进行比较。
在三个时期，1990-1992 年、2004-2005 年和 2011-2013 年，肺癌分别占所有癌症死亡的 56.86%、58.45%和 63.03%，其比例明显高于全国农村地区。1990-2005 年间，男性肺癌 ASMR 从 41.43/10(5)飙升至 88.17/10(5)，女性从 37.70/10(5)飙升至 74.45/10(5)。尽管在 2011-2013 年略有下降（男性分别为 82.53/10(5)和 62.62/10(5)，女性分别为 74.45/10(5)和 62.62/10(5)），但宣威市男性肺癌 ASMR 是全国农村地区的三倍，女性是六倍。宣威市男性肺癌的 45Q15 是全国农村地区的 3-5 倍，女性是 7-9 倍。肺癌高死亡率地区仍位于来滨、龙昌、万水和双垄社区。肺癌高死亡率地区已扩展到周边地区和东南部地区。
尽管烟熏煤引起的室内空气污染已得到较好控制，但肺癌死亡率的变化并不明显。女性肺癌死亡率与男性相似。因此，应进一步开展研究，全面探讨宣威肺癌的危险因素。
