Klevens R Monina, Jones Sherry Everett, Ward John W, Holtzman Deborah, Kann Laura
Division of Viral Hepatitis, National Center for HIV/AIDS, Viral Hepatitis, STD, and TB Prevention, CDC, Atlanta, Georgia.
Division of Adolescent and School Health, National Center for HIV/AIDS, Viral Hepatitis, STD, and TB Prevention, CDC, Atlanta, Georgia.
Am J Prev Med. 2016 Jan;50(1):40-46. doi: 10.1016/j.amepre.2015.05.026. Epub 2015 Aug 24.
Injection drug use is the most frequently reported risk behavior among new cases of hepatitis C virus infection, and recent reports of increases in infection are of great concern in many communities. This study assessed the prevalence and trends in injection drug use among U.S. high school students.
Data were from CDC's Youth Risk Behavior Surveillance System, which collects information on health risk behaviors at the national, state, and large urban school district levels. Analyses were conducted in 2014.
In 2013, 1.7% of high school students nationwide had ever injected any illegal drug. Nationwide, ever injecting any illegal drug did not change significantly from 1995 to 2013, except among black non-Hispanic students. For this subgroup, both a significant linear increase from 1995 to 2013 and a significant quadratic trend were observed, with injection drug use increasing from 1995 to 2009 and decreasing from 2009 to 2013. Significant linear increases in injection drug use occurred in five states (Arkansas, Hawaii, Maine, Maryland, and New York) and six large urban school districts (Baltimore, Memphis, Miami-Dade County, New York City, Philadelphia, and Seattle). Significant linear decreases occurred in three states (Massachusetts, South Dakota, and West Virginia). Both a significant linear increase and quadratic trend were observed in Maine; quadratic trends were observed in Tennessee, Utah, and Palm Beach County, Florida.
In some geographic areas and population groups, an increasing or high frequency of injection drug use was found among high school students, who should be targeted for prevention.
在丙型肝炎病毒感染的新病例中，注射吸毒是最常报告的风险行为，最近关于感染增加的报告在许多社区引起了极大关注。本研究评估了美国高中生中注射吸毒的流行情况和趋势。
数据来自美国疾病控制与预防中心的青少年风险行为监测系统，该系统在国家、州和大型城市学区层面收集有关健康风险行为的信息。分析于2014年进行。
2013年，全国1.7%的高中生曾注射过任何非法药物。在全国范围内，1995年至2013年期间，除非西班牙裔黑人学生外，注射任何非法药物的情况没有显著变化。对于这一亚组，观察到1995年至2013年期间有显著的线性增加和显著的二次趋势，注射吸毒在1995年至2009年期间增加，在2009年至2013年期间减少。在五个州（阿肯色州、夏威夷州、缅因州、马里兰州和纽约州）和六个大型城市学区（巴尔的摩、孟菲斯、迈阿密 - 戴德县、纽约市、费城和西雅图），注射吸毒出现显著的线性增加。在三个州（马萨诸塞州、南达科他州和西弗吉尼亚州）出现显著的线性下降。在缅因州观察到显著的线性增加和二次趋势；在田纳西州、犹他州和佛罗里达州的棕榈滩县观察到二次趋势。
在一些地理区域和人群中，发现高中生中注射吸毒的频率呈上升或处于较高水平，应对这些人群进行预防干预。
