Department of Paediatric Infectious Diseases, Wroclaw Medical University, Wroclaw, Poland.
Department of Paediatrics with Observation Ward, 2nd Medical Faculty, Medical University of Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland.
Br J Haematol. 2015 Dec;171(5):683-94. doi: 10.1111/bjh.13660. Epub 2015 Aug 28.
The spleen acts as a blood filter and lymphopoietic organ. Asplenic and hyposplenic individuals are more susceptible to serious infections caused by encapsulated bacteria but they can be protected by antibiotic prophylaxis and immunizations. Recent progress in vaccinology means prophylaxis is now successful in the vast majority of serious infections with pneumococci, meningococci and Haemophilus influenzae type b responsible for the majority of cases of overwhelming sepsis in asplenic patients. Current guidelines are coherent. Physicians treating patients with conditions associated with hyposplenism are ethically obliged to immunize their patients using the vaccines currently available to protect them from largely preventable, life-threatening infections.
脾脏是血液过滤器和淋巴生成器官。无脾和脾功能低下的个体更容易受到由囊膜细菌引起的严重感染，但可以通过抗生素预防和免疫接种来保护。疫苗学的最新进展意味着，目前针对大多数由肺炎球菌、脑膜炎球菌和乙型流感嗜血杆菌引起的严重感染，预防措施已在绝大多数情况下取得成功，这些感染是导致无脾患者严重败血症的主要原因。目前的指南是一致的。治疗与脾功能低下相关疾病的医生有道德义务使用现有疫苗为患者免疫接种，以预防可通过疫苗预防的、危及生命的感染。
