Zhang Qing-He, McDonald Danny L, Hoover Doreen R, Aldrich Jeffrey R, Schneidmiller Rodney G
Sterling International, Inc., 3808 N. Sullivan Rd., Bldg. 16, Spokane, WA, 99216, USA.
Texas Research Institute for Environmental Studies, Sam Houston State University, 2424 Sam Houston Avenue, Suite B-8, Box 2506, Huntsville, TX, 77341, USA.
J Chem Ecol. 2015 Sep;41(9):853-8. doi: 10.1007/s10886-015-0622-6. Epub 2015 Aug 28.
A new invader, the "tawny crazy ant", Nylanderia fulva (Hymenoptera: Formicidae; Formicinae), is displacing the red imported fire ant, Solenopsis invicta (Formicidae: Myrmicinae), in the southern U.S., likely through its superior chemical arsenal and communication. Alone, formic acid is unattractive, but this venom (= poison) acid powerfully synergizes attraction of tawny crazy ants to volatiles from the Dufour's gland secretion of N. fulva workers, including the two major components, undecane and 2-tridecanone. The unexpected pheromonal synergism between the Dufour's gland and the venom gland appears to be another key factor, in addition to previously known defensive and detoxification semiochemical features, for the successful invasion and domination of N. fulva in the southern U.S. This synergism is an efficient mechanism enabling N. fulva workers to outcompete Solenopsis and other ant species for food and territory. From a practical standpoint, judicious point-source release formulation of tawny crazy ant volatiles may be pivotal for enhanced attract-and-kill management of this pest.
一种新的入侵物种——“黄疯蚁”（Nylanderia fulva，膜翅目：蚁科；蚁亚科）正在美国南部取代红火蚁（Solenopsis invicta，蚁科：切叶蚁亚科），这可能是因为它拥有更强大的化学武器库和通讯能力。单独的甲酸并无吸引力，但这种毒液（即毒药）酸能显著增强黄疯蚁对黄疯蚁工蚁杜氏腺分泌物中的挥发物的吸引力，这些挥发物包括两种主要成分，十一烷和2-十三酮。除了先前已知的防御和解毒信息素特征外，杜氏腺和毒腺之间意外的信息素协同作用似乎是黄疯蚁在美国南部成功入侵和占据主导地位的另一个关键因素。这种协同作用是一种有效的机制，使黄疯蚁工蚁能够在食物和领地竞争中战胜红火蚁和其他蚁种。从实际角度来看，明智地采用黄疯蚁挥发物的点源释放配方可能是加强对这种害虫进行诱捕杀灭管理的关键。
