McKeown Jason L
Department of Anesthesiology and Perioperative Medicine, University of Alabama, Birmingham, 619 19th Street South JT862, Birmingham, AL 35249, USA.
Anesthesiol Clin. 2015 Sep;33(3):563-76. doi: 10.1016/j.anclin.2015.05.010. Epub 2015 Jul 3.
Adequate treatment of pain is of utmost importance in making uncomplicated the perioperative course for geriatric surgical patients. Effective analgesia reduces morbidity, improves patient and family satisfaction, and is a natural expectation of high-quality care. Pain treatment in older adults is more complicated than in younger counterparts, and great consideration must be given to age-related changes in physiology and pharmacokinetics. Pain treatment must be individualized based on each patient's profile. Side effects must be minimized and organ toxicity avoided. When complications occur they may be more severe, and treatment must be prompt. Alternative plans for analgesia must be readily enacted.
对老年外科患者而言，充分治疗疼痛对于简化围手术期过程至关重要。有效的镇痛可降低发病率，提高患者及家属满意度，也是高质量护理的自然期望。老年人的疼痛治疗比年轻人更为复杂，必须充分考虑与年龄相关的生理和药代动力学变化。疼痛治疗必须根据每位患者的情况进行个体化。必须尽量减少副作用并避免器官毒性。并发症发生时可能更为严重，治疗必须及时。必须随时制定替代镇痛方案。
