Borisevich A I, Komarova I P
Arkh Anat Gistol Embriol. 1989 Nov;97(11):38-44.
Embryonal development of the spinal column cervical part has been studied in 100 series of sagittal, transversal, frontal sections; time of the main structural elements anlagen (vertebral bodies, arches, joints, ligaments) is noted. The prenatal development of the spinal column cervical part is divided into 3 stages--mesenchymal, cartilagenous, osseous. The first stage lasts up to 16 days of development; during this period anlagen of vertebral bodies, arches, joints, ligaments are formed. The second stage--cartilagenous; mesenchyma is substituted for cartilagenous tissue, cartilagenous cells are differentiated. This stage lasts from the 16th up to the 18th day of embryogenesis. The third stage--osseous--lasts from the 18th up to the 21st day of embryogenesis. During this period structures of the spinal column cervical part acquire a definitive form, the cartilagenous tissue is substituted for the osseous one.
对100组矢状面、横断面和额状面切片进行了脊柱颈椎部分胚胎发育的研究；记录了主要结构元件原基（椎体、椎弓、关节、韧带）出现的时间。脊柱颈椎部分的产前发育分为3个阶段——间充质阶段、软骨阶段、骨阶段。第一阶段持续到发育的第16天；在此期间，椎体、椎弓、关节、韧带的原基形成。第二阶段——软骨阶段；间充质被软骨组织替代，软骨细胞分化。此阶段从胚胎发生的第16天持续到第18天。第三阶段——骨阶段——从胚胎发生的第18天持续到第21天。在此期间，脊柱颈椎部分的结构获得最终形态，软骨组织被骨组织替代。
