Fliegner J R
Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, University of Melbourne.
Aust N Z J Obstet Gynaecol. 1989 Nov;29(4):371-4. doi: 10.1111/j.1479-828x.1989.tb01771.x.
Perinatal mortality for multiple pregnancy remains at least 5 times the rate for singleton births. The major causes are neonatal deaths due to gross immaturity before 30 weeks' gestation, and stillbirths due to intrauterine growth retardation at all gestations, but especially after 32 weeks. Sixty four per cent of perinatal losses before 30 weeks' gestation occur before 26 weeks, highlighting the need to commence prophylactic measures earlier than usually recommended. The perinatal mortality in infants in multiple births weighing more than 2,500g is the same as that of singletons, but is 10 times this rate in multiple births weighing between 500g and 2,500g. Because the stillbirth rate in twins proceeding beyond 38 weeks' gestation is 3 times that of singleton births, elective termination of pregnancy is recommended if spontaneous labour has not occurred by this time.
多胎妊娠的围产期死亡率至少是单胎分娩的5倍。主要原因是妊娠30周前因严重不成熟导致的新生儿死亡，以及所有孕周尤其是32周后因宫内生长迟缓导致的死产。妊娠30周前的围产期损失中有64%发生在26周前，这凸显了比通常建议更早开始采取预防措施的必要性。体重超过2500克的多胞胎婴儿的围产期死亡率与单胎相同，但体重在500克至2500克之间的多胞胎的围产期死亡率是单胎的10倍。由于孕38周后双胞胎的死产率是单胎分娩的3倍，如果此时尚未自然分娩，建议选择性终止妊娠。
