Jansson Bruce S, Nyamathi Adeline, Heidemann Gretchen, Duan Lei, Kaplan Charles
a School of Social Work , University of Southern California , Los Angeles , California , USA.
Soc Work Health Care. 2015;54(7):559-81. doi: 10.1080/00981389.2015.1054059.
Although literature documents the need for hospital social workers, nurses, and medical residents to engage in patient advocacy, little information exists about what predicts the extent they do so. This study aims to identify predictors of health professionals' patient advocacy engagement with respect to a broad range of patients' problems. A cross-sectional research design was employed with a sample of 94 social workers, 97 nurses, and 104 medical residents recruited from eight hospitals in Los Angeles. Bivariate correlations explored whether seven scales (Patient Advocacy Eagerness, Ethical Commitment, Skills, Tangible Support, Organizational Receptivity, Belief Other Professionals Engage, and Belief the Hospital Empowers Patients) were associated with patient advocacy engagement, measured by the validated Patient Advocacy Engagement Scale. Regression analysis examined whether these scales, when controlling for sociodemographic and setting variables, predicted patient advocacy engagement. While all seven predictor scales were significantly associated with patient advocacy engagement in correlational analyses, only Eagerness, Skills, and Belief the Hospital Empowers Patients predicted patient advocacy engagement in regression analyses. Additionally, younger professionals engaged in higher levels of patient advocacy than older professionals, and social workers engaged in greater patient advocacy than nurses. Limitations and the utility of these findings for acute-care hospitals are discussed.
尽管文献记载了医院社会工作者、护士和住院医生进行患者维权的必要性，但关于预测他们维权程度的因素却知之甚少。本研究旨在确定医疗专业人员针对广泛的患者问题进行患者维权的预测因素。采用横断面研究设计，从洛杉矶的八家医院招募了94名社会工作者、97名护士和104名住院医生作为样本。双变量相关性分析探讨了七个量表（患者维权热情、道德承诺、技能、实际支持、组织接受度、相信其他专业人员参与以及相信医院赋予患者权力）是否与通过有效验证的患者维权参与度量表所衡量的患者维权参与度相关。回归分析检验了在控制社会人口统计学和环境变量时，这些量表是否能预测患者维权参与度。虽然在相关性分析中所有七个预测量表都与患者维权参与度显著相关，但在回归分析中只有热情、技能和相信医院赋予患者权力这三个量表能预测患者维权参与度。此外，年轻专业人员比年长专业人员的患者维权水平更高，社会工作者比护士的患者维权程度更高。本文还讨论了这些研究结果的局限性以及对急症医院的实用性。
