Stephens A R, Asplen M K, Hutchison W D, Venette R C
Department of Entomology, University of Minnesota, 1980 Folwell Ave., St. Paul, MN 55108.
Natural Sciences Department, Metropolitan State University, St. Paul, MN 55106.
Environ Entomol. 2015 Dec;44(6):1619-26. doi: 10.1093/ee/nvv134. Epub 2015 Aug 28.
Drosophila suzukii Matsumura, often called spotted wing drosophila, is an exotic vinegar fly that is native to Southeast Asia and was first detected in the continental United States in 2008. Previous modeling studies have suggested that D. suzukii might not survive in portions of the northern United States or southern Canada due to the effects of cold. As a result, we measured two aspects of insect cold tolerance, the supercooling point and lower lethal temperature, for D. suzukii summer-morph pupae and adults and winter-morph adults. Supercooling points were compared to adults of Drosophila melanogaster Meigen. The lower lethal temperature of D. suzukii winter-morph adults was significantly colder than that for D. suzukii summer-morph adults, while supercooling points of D. suzukii winter-morph adults were actually warmer than that for D. suzukii summer-morph adults and pupae. D. suzukii summer-morph adult supercooling points were not significantly different than those for D. melanogaster adults. These measures indicate that D. suzukii is a chill intolerant insect, and winter-morph adults are the most cold-tolerant life stage. These results can be used to improve predictions of where D. suzukii might be able to establish overwintering populations and cause extensive damage to spring fruit crops.
铃木氏果蝇（Matsumura），通常被称为斑翅果蝇，是一种原产于东南亚的外来果蝇，2008年首次在美国大陆被发现。先前的模型研究表明，由于寒冷的影响，铃木氏果蝇可能无法在美国北部或加拿大南部的部分地区生存。因此，我们测量了铃木氏果蝇夏季形态蛹、成虫以及冬季形态成虫的两个耐寒性指标，即过冷却点和致死低温。将过冷却点与黑腹果蝇（Meigen）的成虫进行了比较。铃木氏果蝇冬季形态成虫的致死低温显著低于其夏季形态成虫，而铃木氏果蝇冬季形态成虫的过冷却点实际上高于其夏季形态成虫和蛹。铃木氏果蝇夏季形态成虫的过冷却点与黑腹果蝇成虫的过冷却点没有显著差异。这些测量结果表明，铃木氏果蝇是一种不耐寒的昆虫，冬季形态成虫是最耐寒的生活阶段。这些结果可用于改进对铃木氏果蝇可能建立越冬种群并对春季水果作物造成广泛损害的地点的预测。
