应对儿童肥胖问题：预防的机遇
Addressing Childhood Obesity: Opportunities for Prevention.
作者信息
Brown Callie L, Halvorson Elizabeth E, Cohen Gail M, Lazorick Suzanne, Skelton Joseph A
机构信息
Department of Pediatrics, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, 301B, S. Columbia Street, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA.
Department of Pediatrics, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Medical Center Boulevard, Winston-Salem, NC 27157, USA.
出版信息
Pediatr Clin North Am. 2015 Oct;62(5):1241-61. doi: 10.1016/j.pcl.2015.05.013. Epub 2015 Jul 16.
Abstract
The overweight and obesity epidemic among children and adolescents in the United States continues to worsen, with notable racial, ethnic, and socioeconomic disparities. Risk factors for pediatric obesity include genetics; environmental and neighborhood factors; increased intake of sugar-sweetened beverages (SSBs), fast-food, and processed snacks; decreased physical activity; shorter sleep duration; and increased personal, prenatal, or family stress. Pediatricians can help prevent obesity by measuring body mass index at least yearly and providing age- and development-appropriate anticipatory guidance to families. Public policies and environmental interventions aim to make it easier for children to make healthy nutrition and physical activity choices. Interventions focused on family habits and parenting strategies have also been successful at preventing or treating childhood obesity.
摘要
美国儿童和青少年中的超重与肥胖流行情况持续恶化，存在显著的种族、族裔和社会经济差异。儿童肥胖的风险因素包括遗传因素；环境和社区因素；含糖饮料（SSB）、快餐和加工零食摄入量增加；身体活动减少；睡眠时间缩短；以及个人、产前或家庭压力增加。儿科医生可以通过至少每年测量一次体重指数，并为家庭提供适合年龄和发育阶段的预期指导来帮助预防肥胖。公共政策和环境干预旨在让儿童更容易做出健康的营养和身体活动选择。专注于家庭习惯和育儿策略的干预措施在预防或治疗儿童肥胖方面也取得了成功。
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