Choi Ki Young, Lee Tae Kwon, Sul Woo Jun
Department of Environmental Engineering, Yonsei University, Wonju 220-710, Korea .
Asian-Australas J Anim Sci. 2015 Sep;28(9):1217-25. doi: 10.5713/ajas.15.0026.
Chicken is a major food source for humans, hence it is important to understand the mechanisms involved in nutrient absorption in chicken. In the gastrointestinal tract (GIT), the microbiota plays a central role in enhancing nutrient absorption and strengthening the immune system, thereby affecting both growth and health of chicken. There is little information on the diversity and functions of chicken GIT microbiota, its impact on the host, and the interactions between the microbiota and host. Here, we review the recent metagenomic strategies to analyze the chicken GIT microbiota composition and its functions related to improving metabolism and health. We summarize methodology of metagenomics in order to obtain bacterial taxonomy and functional inferences of the GIT microbiota and suggest a set of indicator genes for monitoring and manipulating the microbiota to promote host health in future.
鸡肉是人类的主要食物来源，因此了解鸡的营养吸收机制很重要。在胃肠道（GIT）中，微生物群在增强营养吸收和强化免疫系统方面发挥着核心作用，从而影响鸡的生长和健康。关于鸡GIT微生物群的多样性和功能、其对宿主的影响以及微生物群与宿主之间的相互作用，目前所知甚少。在此，我们综述了最近用于分析鸡GIT微生物群组成及其与改善代谢和健康相关功能的宏基因组学策略。我们总结了宏基因组学的方法，以便获得GIT微生物群的细菌分类学和功能推断，并提出一组指示基因，用于未来监测和调控微生物群以促进宿主健康。
