Hong Z S, Kim E J, Jin Y C, Lee J S, Choi Y J, Lee H G
Department of Animal Science, Kyungpook National University, Sangju 742-711, Korea .
Department of Animal Science and Technology, Konkuk University, Seoul 140-701, Korea .
Asian-Australas J Anim Sci. 2015 Sep;28(9):1296-302. doi: 10.5713/ajas.15.0235.
This study was conducted to examine the effects of supplementing brown seaweed by-products (BSB) in the diet of ruminants on ruminal fermentation characteristics, growth performance, endocrine response, and milk production in Holstein cows. In Experiment 1, the effects of different levels (0%, 2%, and 4% of basal diet as Control, 2% BSB, 4% BSB, respectively) of BSB were evaluated at 3, 6, 9, 12, and 24 h in vitro batch culture rumen fermentation. The pH tended to be higher for the higher level of BSB supplementation, with the pH at 12 h being significantly higher (p<0.05) than that of the control. The concentration of ammonia nitrogen was lower at 3, 9, 12, and 24 h incubation (p<0.05) compared with the control, and tended to be low at other incubation times. Volatile fatty acid concentration appeared to be minimally changed while lower values were observed with 4% BSB treatment at 24 h (p<0.05). In Experiment 2, effects of levels (0%, 2%, and 4%) of BSB on growth performance, endocrine responses and milk production were studied with Holstein dairy cows during transition. Dry matter intake, daily gain and feed efficiency were not affected by BSB supplementation. The concentration of plasma estrogen for the control, 2% BSB and 4% BSB after three months of pregnancy were 55.7, 94.1, and 72.3 pg/mL, respectively (p = 0.08). Although the differences of progesterone levels between BSB treatments and the control were minimal, the concentration in 4% BSB treatment increased to 157.7% compared with the initial level of the study. Triiodothyronine and thyroxine levels were also higher after both three months and eight months of pregnancy than the initial level at the beginning of the study. In addition, BSB treatments during one month after delivery did not affect daily milk yield and composition. In conclusion, the present results indicate that supplementation of BSB did not compromise ruminal fermentation, and animal performance at lower levels and hence may have potential to be used as a safe feed ingredient in dairy cows.
本研究旨在探讨在反刍动物日粮中添加褐藻副产品（BSB）对瘤胃发酵特性、生长性能、内分泌反应以及荷斯坦奶牛产奶量的影响。在实验1中，通过体外批次培养瘤胃发酵，在3、6、9、12和24小时评估了不同水平（分别为基础日粮的0%、2%和4%，即对照组、2% BSB组、4% BSB组）的BSB的影响。较高水平的BSB添加组pH值有升高趋势，12小时时的pH值显著高于对照组（p<0.05）。与对照组相比，氨氮浓度在培养3、9、12和24小时时较低（p<0.05），在其他培养时间有降低趋势。挥发性脂肪酸浓度变化似乎最小，而在24小时时4% BSB处理组的值较低（p<0.05）。在实验2中，研究了BSB水平（0%、2%和4%）对处于过渡期的荷斯坦奶牛生长性能、内分泌反应和产奶量的影响。干物质摄入量、日增重和饲料效率不受BSB添加的影响。怀孕三个月后，对照组、2% BSB组和4% BSB组的血浆雌激素浓度分别为55.7、94.1和72.3 pg/mL（p = 0.08）。虽然BSB处理组与对照组之间孕酮水平差异最小，但4% BSB处理组的浓度相较于研究初始水平增加到了157.7%。怀孕三个月和八个月后的三碘甲状腺原氨酸和甲状腺素水平也高于研究开始时的初始水平。此外，分娩后一个月内的BSB处理对日产奶量和奶成分没有影响。总之，目前的结果表明，添加BSB不会损害瘤胃发酵，且在较低水平下对动物性能无影响，因此可能有潜力用作奶牛的安全饲料成分。
