Walker Mark C, van der Donk Wilfred A
Department of Chemistry and Howard Hughes Medical Institute, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, 600 South Mathews Avenue, Urbana, IL, 61801, USA.
J Ind Microbiol Biotechnol. 2016 Mar;43(2-3):419-30. doi: 10.1007/s10295-015-1665-y. Epub 2015 Sep 1.
The amino acid glutamate is a major metabolic hub in many organisms and as such is involved in diverse processes in addition to its role in protein synthesis. Nitrogen assimilation, nucleotide, amino acid, and cofactor biosynthesis, as well as secondary natural product formation all utilize glutamate in some manner. Glutamate also plays a role in the catabolism of certain amines. Understanding glutamate's role in these various processes can aid in genome mining for novel metabolic pathways or the engineering of pathways for bioremediation or chemical production of valuable compounds.
氨基酸谷氨酸是许多生物体中的主要代谢枢纽，因此除了在蛋白质合成中的作用外，它还参与多种过程。氮同化、核苷酸、氨基酸和辅因子生物合成以及次级天然产物形成都以某种方式利用谷氨酸。谷氨酸在某些胺类的分解代谢中也起作用。了解谷氨酸在这些不同过程中的作用有助于在基因组挖掘中寻找新的代谢途径，或对生物修复途径或有价值化合物的化学生产途径进行工程改造。
