巴基斯坦的脊髓灰质炎：社会限制和旅行影响。

Polio in Pakistan: Social constraints and travel implications.

机构信息

Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Institute of Life Sciences, University of Gujrat, Gujrat, Pakistan.

出版信息

Travel Med Infect Dis. 2015 Sep-Oct;13(5):360-6. doi: 10.1016/j.tmaid.2015.06.004. Epub 2015 Jul 16.

DOI:10.1016/j.tmaid.2015.06.004

Abstract

The Global Polio Eradication Initiative (GPEI) in Pakistan has faced failure despite being implemented successfully. Polio cases were successfully reduced by 99% until 2005. However, thereafter, new polio cases were registered, which continue to rise annually. This repeat polio outbreak has placed the country on watch by the World Health Organization (WHO) due to travelers, and Hajj and Umrah pilgrims. The present report reviews the published literature for determining the social constraints to the polio eradication initiative in Pakistan. Religion, politics, awareness, insecurity, inequity, governance, and social responsibility have been identified as key social factors in the failure of any vaccination campaign. Possible interventions have been proposed, which include effectively using modern mass media and educating vaccinators on the social and cultural background of the target community.

摘要

全球根除脊髓灰质炎行动（GPEI）在巴基斯坦虽然实施成功，却遭遇失败。脊髓灰质炎病例在 2005 年之前成功减少了 99%。然而，此后，新的脊髓灰质炎病例被登记，且每年持续上升。由于旅行者以及朝觐和副朝朝圣者，这种复发性脊髓灰质炎疫情已使该国受到世界卫生组织（WHO）的关注。本报告审查了已发表的文献，以确定巴基斯坦根除脊髓灰质炎倡议所面临的社会限制。宗教、政治、意识、不安全、不平等、治理和社会责任已被确定为任何疫苗接种运动失败的关键社会因素。已经提出了一些可能的干预措施，包括有效地利用现代大众媒体，并对疫苗接种者进行有关目标社区社会和文化背景的教育。