Janiszewska Mariola, Kulik Teresa, Dziedzic Małgorzata A, Żołnierczuk-Kieliszek Dorota
Chair of Public Health, Medical University of Lublin, Lublin, Poland.
Prz Menopauzalny. 2015 Mar;14(1):27-34. doi: 10.5114/pm.2015.49999. Epub 2015 Mar 25.
Osteoporosis as a chronic disease, affecting especially women in postmenopausal age, is an important, social and economic health problem especially of women of today's world. The aim of the study was to assess the level of knowledge of women in the peri- and postmenopausal period about the prevention of osteoporosis and show the influence of chosen risk factors on the level of this knowledge.
A group of 300 women aged 45-65, being patients of healthcare centres in Chełm, Lublin and Zamość (Lublin voivodeship, south-eastern Poland) were included in the study. The purposive sampling was used. Osteoporosis Knowledge Test (OKT) 2011 was the research tool. Gathered material was subjected to descriptive and statistical analysis. Tukey's test, t-student test and variance analysis (ANOVA) were all applied. An accepted p materiality level was < 0.05 and p < 0.01.
Respondents presented the average level of knowledge about the role of physical activity in the prevention of osteoporosis (M = 13.93) and a low level of knowledge about well-balanced diet rich in calcium (M = 9.77). The knowledge about risk factors, screening and treatment remained on the average level (M = 8.00). An influence of socio-demographic factors on the level of knowledge was shown. Also some behaviours, associated with the lifestyle indeed influenced the level of this knowledge.
Professional educational programs on osteoporosis should be implemented in the population of Polish peri- and postmenopausal women.
骨质疏松症作为一种慢性疾病，尤其影响绝经后年龄的女性，是当今世界一个重要的社会和经济健康问题，特别是对于女性而言。本研究的目的是评估围绝经期和绝经后女性对骨质疏松症预防的知识水平，并展示所选风险因素对该知识水平的影响。
本研究纳入了一组300名年龄在45 - 65岁之间的女性，她们是波兰东南部卢布林省切尔姆、卢布林和扎莫希奇医疗中心的患者。采用了目的抽样法。2011年骨质疏松症知识测试（OKT）是研究工具。收集的材料进行了描述性和统计分析。应用了Tukey检验、t检验和方差分析（ANOVA）。接受的p值显著性水平为<0.05和p<0.01。
受访者对体育活动在预防骨质疏松症中的作用的知识水平处于平均水平（M = 13.93），而对富含钙的均衡饮食的知识水平较低（M = 9.77）。关于风险因素、筛查和治疗的知识水平处于平均水平（M = 8.00）。研究显示了社会人口学因素对知识水平的影响。此外，一些与生活方式相关的行为确实影响了该知识水平。
应在波兰围绝经期和绝经后女性人群中开展关于骨质疏松症的专业教育项目。
