Janiszewska Mariola, Kulik Teresa, Żołnierczuk-Kieliszek Dorota, Drop Barłomiej, Firlej Ewelina, Gajewska Ilona
Department Health Sciences, Chair of Public Health, Medical University of Lublin, Poland.
Department of Computer Science and Medical Statistics, Medical University of Lublin, Poland.
Prz Menopauzalny. 2017 Sep;16(3):86-95. doi: 10.5114/pm.2017.70584. Epub 2017 Oct 12.
Contemporary people do not follow the civilisation development in every life domain, their lifestyle is not always healthy. Self-efficacy is the factor that plays an important role in undertaking actions towards struggling with the disease.
The aim of the study was to determine the relationship between the general self-efficacy level and health behaviours as well as chosen sociodemographic features in women over the age of 45 years who have undergone osteoporosis treatment.
The study comprised 151 women over the age of 45 years. The research was conducted in 2016 in health care centres in Lublin, a city in south-eastern Poland. The Generalised Self-Efficacy Scale (GSES) by R. Schwarzer, M. Jerusalem and Z. Juczyński and an original questionnaire were used as research tools. The obtained material was subjected to descriptive and statistical analysis. χ test, Kruskal-Wallis test, Mann-Whitney Test and Spearman's rank correlation coefficient were all applied.
The analysis of obtained results showed that as much as 73.5% of the respondents showed very low and low generalised self-efficacy level. On the other hand, only 22.5% of the examined were characterised by high and very high generalised self-efficacy level. The longer the duration of osteoporosis treatment (rho = 0.251; = 0.002) and the better the self-estimation of health status (rho = 0.473; = 0.000), the higher the respondents' generalised self-efficacy level. The women's self-efficacy level declined with increasing ailments (rho = -0.190; = 0.019).
The generalized self-efficacy level and the health behaviours are not satisfactory.
当代人并非在生活的各个领域都顺应文明发展，他们的生活方式并不总是健康的。自我效能感是在采取与疾病抗争行动中发挥重要作用的因素。
本研究旨在确定45岁以上接受骨质疏松症治疗的女性的一般自我效能水平与健康行为以及所选社会人口学特征之间的关系。
该研究纳入了151名45岁以上的女性。研究于2016年在波兰东南部城市卢布林的医疗保健中心进行。使用了R.施瓦泽、M.耶路撒冷和Z.尤琴斯基编制的一般自我效能量表（GSES）以及一份原创问卷作为研究工具。对所获材料进行了描述性和统计分析。应用了χ检验、克鲁斯卡尔 - 沃利斯检验、曼 - 惠特尼检验和斯皮尔曼等级相关系数。
对所得结果的分析表明，多达73.5%的受访者表现出非常低和低的一般自我效能水平。另一方面，只有22.5%的受调查者具有高和非常高的一般自我效能水平。骨质疏松症治疗时间越长（rho = 0.251；P = 0.002），健康状况自我评估越好（rho = 0.473；P = 0.000），受访者的一般自我效能水平越高。女性的自我效能水平随着疾病增多而下降（rho = -0.190；P = 0.019）。
一般自我效能水平和健康行为并不令人满意。
