Carlsson Viktor, Hakeberg Magnus, Wide Boman Ulla
Department of Behavioral and Community Dentistry, Institute of Odontology, The Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden.
BMC Oral Health. 2015 Sep 2;15:100. doi: 10.1186/s12903-015-0088-5.
Dental anxiety (DA) is a common condition associated with avoidance of dental care and subsequent health-related and psychosocial outcomes, in what has been described as the vicious circle of DA. Also, recent studies have found an association between the psychosocial concept of sense of coherence (SOC) and DA. More studies are needed to verify the relationship between DA and SOC, especially using population-based samples. There is also a need for studies including factors related to the vicious circle of DA, such as oral health-related quality of life (OHRQoL), in order to further establish the correlates of DA in the general population. Therefore, the aim of this study was to investigate the relationship between DA and SOC, OHRQoL and health-related behaviour in the general Swedish population.
The survey included a randomly selected sample of the adult Swedish population (N = 3500, age 19 - 96 years.). Data was collected by means of telephone interviews. Dental anxiety was measured with a single question. The SOC measure consisted of three questions conceptualising the dimensions of the SOC: comprehensibility, manageability and meaningfulness. The data collection also included the five-item version of the Oral Health Impact Profile (OHIP-5), as a measure of OHRQoL, as well as questions on oral health-related behaviour and socioeconomic status. Statistical analyses were made with descriptive statistics and inference testing using Chi-square, t--test and logistic regression.
High DA was associated with low OHRQoL, irregular dental care and smoking. There was a statistically significant relationship between the SOC and DA in the bivariate, but not in the multivariate, analyses. Dental anxiety was not associated with oral health-related behaviour or socioeconomic status.
This cross-sectional national survey gives support to the significant associations between high dental anxiety, avoidance of dental care and health-related outcomes, which may further reinforce the model of a vicious circle of dental anxiety. The results further indicate a weak relationship between dental anxiety and sense of coherence.
牙科焦虑症（DA）是一种常见病症，与回避牙科护理以及随后的健康相关和社会心理后果相关，这被描述为牙科焦虑症的恶性循环。此外，最近的研究发现连贯感（SOC）这一社会心理概念与牙科焦虑症之间存在关联。需要更多研究来验证牙科焦虑症与连贯感之间的关系，特别是使用基于人群的样本。还需要开展包括与牙科焦虑症恶性循环相关因素（如口腔健康相关生活质量（OHRQoL））的研究，以便进一步确定一般人群中牙科焦虑症的相关因素。因此，本研究的目的是调查瑞典一般人群中牙科焦虑症与连贯感、口腔健康相关生活质量及健康相关行为之间的关系。
该调查包括从瑞典成年人群中随机抽取的样本（N = 3500，年龄19 - 96岁）。通过电话访谈收集数据。用一个问题测量牙科焦虑症。连贯感测量由三个问题组成，概念化了连贯感的维度：可理解性、可管理性和意义性。数据收集还包括口腔健康影响量表（OHIP - 5）的五项版本，作为口腔健康相关生活质量的衡量指标，以及关于口腔健康相关行为和社会经济地位的问题。使用卡方检验、t检验和逻辑回归进行描述性统计和推断性测试的统计分析。
高度牙科焦虑症与低口腔健康相关生活质量、不定期牙科护理和吸烟相关。在双变量分析中，连贯感与牙科焦虑症之间存在统计学上的显著关系，但在多变量分析中不存在。牙科焦虑症与口腔健康相关行为或社会经济地位无关。
这项全国性横断面调查支持了高度牙科焦虑症、回避牙科护理与健康相关后果之间的显著关联，这可能进一步强化牙科焦虑症恶性循环模型。结果还表明牙科焦虑症与连贯感之间的关系较弱。
