Management of Restless Legs Syndrome/Willis-Ekbom Disease in Hospitalized and Perioperative Patients.

Restless legs syndrome (RLS) is a sensorimotor disorder that can cause significant discomfort, impaired quality of life, poor mood, and disturbed sleep. Because the disorder is chronic and associated with multiple comorbidities, RLS can be seen in an inpatient or perioperative setting. Certain characteristics of the hospitalized or surgical context can exacerbate or unmask RLS. Importantly, RLS and the associated discomfort and insomnia can prolong hospital stay and negatively impact outcomes. RLS medications should be continued during the hospital admission when possible. Avoidance of excessive phlebotomy and medications known to trigger RLS is helpful. Patients should increase activity when acceptable.