Kelishadi Roya, Jari Mohsen, Qorbani Mostafa, Motlagh Mohammad E, Ardalan Gelayol, Bahreynian Maryam, Kasaeian Amir, Ahadi Zeinab, Najafi Fereshteh, Asayesh Hamid, Heshmat Ramin
Department of Pediatrics, Child Growth and Development Research Center, Research Institute for Primordial Prevention of Non-Communicable Disease, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran.
Department of Community Medicine, Alborz University of Medical Sciences, Karaj, Iran -
Minerva Pediatr. 2017 Aug;69(4):264-273. doi: 10.23736/S0026-4946.16.04266-3. Epub 2015 Sep 1.
This nationwide study aims to investigate the prevalence of psychiatric distress and violent behaviors in a nationally-representative sample of Iranian children and adolescents according to the socioeconomic status (SES) of their living region.
In this study, 14,880 school students, aged 6-18 years, were selected from 30 provinces in Iran. The World Health Organization Global School-based Health Survey questionnaire was used. Data were compared at national and subnational levels according to the SES of the living region.
Overall, 13,486 students (49.2% girls) with mean (SD) age of 12.47 (3.36) years completed the study. At national level, the prevalence of psychiatric distress ranged between 9 to 38%; the most and least prevalent psychiatric distresses were angriness (37.73%, 95% CI: 36.5-38.99) and confusion (8.65%, 95% CI: 8.04-9.29), respectively. Students living in regions with highest SES experienced angriness (41.24%, 95% CI: 38.94-43.59) more than in those from the regions with lowest SES (31.18%, 95% CI: 26.71-36.02). The prevalence of bullying, being bullied and physical fight was 17.56% (95% CI: 16.73-18.42), 27.36% (95% CI: 26.34-28.42), and 39.94% (95% CI: 38.69-41.20), respectively. The prevalence of violent behavior did not differ significantly in various regions of Iran.
The relatively high prevalence of psychiatric distress in Iranian children and adolescents necessitates paying more attention to mental health of this vulnerable age group. Differences in the prevalence of such disorders according to the SES of the living area should be considered in planning evidence-based preventive programs and in international comparisons.
这项全国性研究旨在根据伊朗儿童和青少年居住地区的社会经济地位（SES），调查具有全国代表性样本中精神痛苦和暴力行为的患病率。
在本研究中，从伊朗30个省份选取了14880名6至18岁的在校学生。使用了世界卫生组织全球学校健康调查问卷调查表。根据居住地区的SES在国家和国家以下层面比较数据。
总体而言，13486名学生（49.2%为女生）完成了研究，平均（标准差）年龄为12.47（3.36）岁。在国家层面，精神痛苦的患病率在9%至38%之间；最常见和最不常见的精神痛苦分别是愤怒（37.73%，95%置信区间：36.5 - 38.99）和困惑（8.65%，95%置信区间：8.04 - 9.29）。生活在SES最高地区的学生愤怒情绪（41.24%，95%置信区间：38.94 - 43.59）比生活在SES最低地区的学生（31.18%，95%置信区间：26.71 - 36.02）更为普遍。欺凌、被欺凌和肢体冲突的患病率分别为17.56%（95%置信区间：16.73 - 18.42）、27.36%（95%置信区间：26.34 - 28.42）和39.94%（95%置信区间：38.69 - 41.20）。伊朗不同地区暴力行为的患病率没有显著差异。
伊朗儿童和青少年中精神痛苦的患病率相对较高，这就需要更加关注这个脆弱年龄组的心理健康。在制定循证预防计划和进行国际比较时，应考虑根据居住地区的SES而导致的此类疾病患病率差异。
