Wainiqolo Iris, Kool Bridget, Nosa Vili, Ameratunga Shanthi
School of Population Health, University of Auckland, New Zealand.
Aust N Z J Public Health. 2015 Oct;39(5):495-9. doi: 10.1111/1753-6405.12435. Epub 2015 Sep 3.
Kava is marketed as a herbal anxiolytic in several countries and is consumed recreationally in high doses in many indigenous Pacific and Australian Aboriginal communities. We reviewed the published literature examining the association (if any) between kava use and motor vehicle crashes (MVCs), MVC-related injuries or driving performance.
Search of MEDLINE, EMBASE, PsycINFO, CINAHL, Scopus, AMED, Australian Medical Index, Australian Transport Index and trials registries and injury journals up to August 2014.
No studies quantifying the effects of kava on MVCs or related injury were located. Four experimental studies using computer-based driving simulation examined the effects of pharmacological doses of kavalactones on cognitive and visuomotor performance. While no statistically significant adverse changes attributable to kava were found, there was weak evidence of slowed reaction time. One study found the visuo-motor performance on driving simulation to be significantly impaired when kava was consumed with alcohol.
With equivocal evidence limited to experimental studies using simulated driving settings, the contribution of kava to MVCs is unknown.
The gap in knowledge regarding the potential risk of injuries associated with therapeutic and recreational use of kava requires priority attention.
卡瓦在多个国家作为一种草药抗焦虑药进行销售，并且在许多太平洋地区的原住民社区和澳大利亚原住民社区中被大量用于消遣。我们回顾了已发表的文献，以研究卡瓦的使用与机动车碰撞事故（MVC）、与MVC相关的损伤或驾驶性能之间的关联（若存在）。
检索截至2014年8月的MEDLINE、EMBASE、PsycINFO、CINAHL、Scopus、AMED、澳大利亚医学索引、澳大利亚交通索引以及试验注册库和损伤类期刊。
未找到量化卡瓦对MVC或相关损伤影响的研究。四项使用基于计算机的驾驶模拟的实验研究，考察了卡瓦内酯的药理剂量对认知和视觉运动性能的影响。虽然未发现因卡瓦导致的具有统计学意义的不良变化，但有微弱证据表明反应时间减慢。一项研究发现，当卡瓦与酒精一起服用时，驾驶模拟中的视觉运动性能会显著受损。
由于仅有使用模拟驾驶场景的实验研究提供的证据不明确，卡瓦对MVC的影响尚不清楚。
关于卡瓦治疗性和消遣性使用所带来的潜在损伤风险，目前知识存在空白，需要优先关注。
