Rolke R, Radbruch L
Klinik für Palliativmedizin, Universitätsklinikum, RWTH Aachen, Pauwelsstr. 30, 52074, Aachen, Deutschland.
Klinik und Poliklinik für Palliativmedizin, Universitätsklinikum Bonn, Bonn, Deutschland.
Schmerz. 2015 Oct;29(5):557-61. doi: 10.1007/s00482-015-0048-7.
In Germany, approximately half a million people suffer from cancer pain, which is one of the most common first symptoms of tumor disease in 20-40% of the patients. The prevalence increases during the course of the disease to approximately 90% among patients in a palliative care unit. Treatment in the field of cancer pain is often provided by interdisciplinary teams of different pain or palliative care services. Due to the high availability of opioids and also, in European comparison, of a high number of specialized services in hospice and palliative care provision, Germany plays a special role next to Great Britain. There is a great need for the further development of the coordination and networking of these services within Germany, which is regulated by the Hospice and Palliative Act. The cross-sectional curricula QB 13 (palliative medicine) and QB 14 (pain medicine) were implemented in German medical faculties in order to improve integration of cancer pain management into the teaching of medical students. Research in the area of cancer pain addresses clinical topics such as the availability of opioids, but also basic research including genetic variability as a predictor for the efficacy of opioids and the neurobiology of cancer pain.
在德国，约有50万人遭受癌症疼痛折磨，这是20%至40%的患者中肿瘤疾病最常见的首发症状之一。在疾病进程中，姑息治疗病房患者的患病率会升至约90%。癌症疼痛领域的治疗通常由不同疼痛或姑息治疗服务的跨学科团队提供。由于阿片类药物的高可得性，以及与欧洲其他国家相比，德国在临终关怀和姑息治疗方面有大量专业服务，德国在英国之外扮演着特殊角色。德国国内这些服务的协调与联网急需进一步发展，这由《临终关怀与姑息治疗法》进行规范。德国医学院校实施了横断面课程QB 13（姑息医学）和QB 14（疼痛医学），以改善癌症疼痛管理在医学生教学中的整合。癌症疼痛领域的研究涉及阿片类药物的可得性等临床主题，也包括基因变异性作为阿片类药物疗效预测指标以及癌症疼痛神经生物学等基础研究。
